Emotional Regulation and Intimate Violence

描述(由研究人员提供)：这个拟议的项目旨在通过交叉授粉关于强迫愤怒冲突行为的临床科学发现和关于情绪和情绪调节的基础科学来加深我们对伴侣暴力的病因和维持的基本知识。有两个问题尤其令人恼火：为什么人们坚持对家人实施愤怒的、强制性的、不断升级的行为，尽管这种行为具有令人不快和破坏性的特点(而且这种行为通常违反了如何对待亲人的个人和社会规范)？一些人如何才能在愤怒的冲突中缓和下来，以加强而不是侵蚀他们的关系？我们对这两个问题提出了统一的解释。通过将Patterson(1982)的家庭愤怒行为升级是如何在不知不觉中被强化的模型与强调愤怒的适应性及其经验、表现/行为和生理成分的交互作用的基本情绪调节研究相结合，我们将提出一个控制夫妻冲突中愤怒升级和缓和的综合机制模型。如果我们的假设得到支持，我们不仅会加深对促进和维持伴侣暴力的因素的理解，还会发现处理愤怒冲突的功能性方法背后的自然后果。该模型将允许我们解决一些关于伴侣暴力的最紧迫和最基本但尚未得到回答的问题，例如：“暴力和非暴力个体愤怒冲突行为的原因是什么：人际过程还是个体内部？……功能性个体如何调节愤怒冲突，以最大限度地提高他们的适应能力，并将其破坏力降至最低？”“什么愤怒控制策略有效，对谁？”哪些方法在某些方面可能是有效的，但在另一些方面可能会适得其反？对这些问题的回答是创建经验性、有效的伴侣暴力干预措施的先决条件。我们将在200对夫妇的档案样本中检验我们的假设，这些夫妇是通过随机数字拨号程序从具有代表性的抽样框中招募的。参与者(A)在一场10天的大雨中被录像。研究对象包括：(A)婚姻冲突；(B)通过有效的视频中介回忆程序，私下对他们经历的愤怒的强度进行每时每刻的评估；(C)当他们通过第二次视频中介回忆观看时，私下表明他们使用了故意的策略来降低愤怒。作为这个应用程序的一部分，我们将编码参与者在每一时刻表现出的愤怒的强度，将其与他们对经历过的愤怒和故意降级尝试的评分相匹配。

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): This proposed project aims to further our basic knowledge about the etiology and maintenance of partner violence by cross-pollinating clinical science findings about coercive anger conflict behavior with basic science regarding the emotion and emotion regulation. Two questions are particularly vexing: Why do people persist in performing angry, coercive escalating behaviors toward family members despite the unpleasant and destructive qualities of the behavior (and despite the fact that such behaviors typically violate both personal and societal norms about how to treat loved ones)? How are some people able to deescalate out of angry conflict in a way that strengthens, rather than corrodes, their relationships? We propose a unifying explanation to both questions. By combining Patterson's (1982) model of how angry behavior escalation in families is unwittingly reinforced with basic emotion regulation research emphasizing the adaptivity of anger and the interactivity of its experiential, display/behavioral, and physiological components, we wilI posit an integrative model of the mechanisms that control dyadic anger escalation and de-escalation in couples' conflict. If our hypotheses are supported, not only will our understanding of the factors that promote and maintain partner violence be deepened, but we will have uncovered the natural consequences that underlie functional ways of handling angry conflict. The model will allow us to address some of the most pressing and basic, but unanswered, questions regarding partner violence, such as "What accounts for the angry conflict behaviors of violent and nonviolent individuals: interpersonal processes orintra-individual ones? .... How do 1"unctional individuals regulate angry conflicts to maximize their adaptiveness and minimize their destructive capacity?" "What anger control strategies are effective and for whom? .... Which ones may be effective in some ways but counterproductive in others?" Answers to these questions are prerequisites to the creation of empirically derived, effective interventions for partner violence. We will test our hypotheses in an archival sample of 200 couples recruited from a representative sampling frame via random digit dialing procedures. Participants (a) were video-recorded during a 10-rain. marital conflict; (b) privately rated the intensity of their experienced anger on a moment-by-moment basis via a validated video-mediated recall procedure; and (c) privately indicated when they used intentional strategies to deescalate anger via a 2nd video-mediated recall viewing. As part of this application, we will code the intensity participants' displayed anger on a moment-by-moment basis, matching it with their ratings of experienced anger and intentional deescalation attempts.