Word Encoding and Recognition in Schizophrenia

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目标是 使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来检验两个主要假设 精神分裂症患者记忆障碍的本质首先是 精神分裂症患者情节记忆受损与语义功能障碍有关 左额下回（LIFG）激活失败 在单词编码和识别过程中。第二个假设是这个LIFG 功能障碍主要是由于患者的控制处理受损， 语义信息，而不是他们的语义记忆退化 知识或自动联想过程。 第一个假设将在实验1和2中进行测试。实验一将 使用宾州单词识别测试（PWRT），这将使我们能够复制 先前的正电子发射断层扫描发现，情节记忆受损是 与单词编码和提取过程中LIFG功能障碍有关。实验2 将采用浅/深单词编码和识别范式， 允许我们测试自我生成的组织战略的作用 精神分裂症患者语义加工困难及相关LIFG功能障碍 第二个主要假设将在最后两个实验中进行检验。 实验3将采用线索语义言语流畅性范式， 使我们能够研究减少控制处理需求对 语言流畅性和LIFG功能。最后一个实验将使用一个无线索的 语言流畅性设计，将允许一个审判的审判检查， 控制与自动处理对LIFG功能的影响。 这一系列的研究有望揭示受损的基本机制， 语义处理和相关的情景记忆和LIFG缺陷， 精神分裂症建立这一机制将为今后的工作奠定基础。 成像研究，可以帮助提供发展认知的基本原理， 旨在修复语义处理和非文字记忆的干预措施 精神分裂症的缺陷，以改善功能结果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the proposed research is to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to test two primary hypotheses about the nature of memory impairments in schizophrenia. The first is that impaired episodic memory in schizophrenia is related to dysfunctional semantic processing, reflected in failure to activate left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) during word encoding and recognition. The second hypothesis is that this LIFG dysfunction is primarily due to patients' impaired controlled processing of semantic information, rather than degradation of their semantic memory knowledge or automatic associative processes. The first hypothesis will be tested in experiments 1 & 2. Experiment one will employ the Penn Word Recognition Test (PWRT) which will allow us to replicate previous Positron Emission Tomography findings that impaired episodic memory is related to LIFG dysfunction during word encoding and retrieval. Experiment 2 will employ a shallow/deep word encoding and recognition paradigm that will permit us to test the role of self-generated organizational strategies in the semantic processing difficulties and related LIFG dysfunction in schizophrenia. The second primary hypothesis will be tested in the final two experiments. Experiment 3 will employ a cued semantic verbal fluency paradigm that will allow us to investigate the effect of reducing controlled processing demands on verbal fluency and LIFG function. The final experiment will use an uncued verbal fluency design that will permit a trial-by-trial examination of the effect of controlled versus automatic processing on LIFG function. This series of studies promises to uncover fundamental mechanisms of impaired semantic processing and related episodic memory and LIFG deficits in schizophrenia. Establishing this mechanism will lay the groundwork for future imaging studies and can help provide a rationale for developing cognitive interventions designed to remediate semantic processing and verbal memory deficits in schizophrenia in order to improve functional outcome.