Psychosocial Factors and Ambulatory Blood Pressure

描述（研究者摘要）：高血压家族史是 老年高血压的主要预测因素。的主要目标 这个应用程序是为了确定如何24小时动态血压 区分具有不同家族史的个体：2 高血压父母，1例高血压父母，血压正常父母。的 研究人员还将检查血压家族史对 与其他与血压升高有关的因素相结合， 高血压：工作紧张，社会支持和人格特质（即， 敌意、未表达的愤怒、焦虑、防御性）。影响将 在192名年龄在22-50岁的男性和女性中，在工作日和非工作日进行评估 多年来，在广泛的职业。研究人员假设， 在清醒和睡眠时间的动态血压将最高， 父母有2个高血压的后代，在父母有1个高血压的后代中略有升高。 父母血压正常者最低。预测 血压升高作为家族史的函数， 具有以下任何特征的个体更大：高职位 紧张、焦虑、敌意、防御性或低愤怒。还 人格特征的组合，如高敌意（或高焦虑， 高防御性，或低愤怒），高工作压力，和家族史， 高血压（特别是父母有2个高血压）应该导致更大的 血压放大所有预测的血压效应均为 预计在工作日期间将进一步升高，而高 社会支持有望缓解血压升高。通过采样 血脂、胰岛素和血糖以及日间和夜间尿 儿茶酚胺和皮质醇，研究人员将评估的作用， 胰岛素抵抗和交感神经系统的家族史。 调查有高血压风险的健康男性和女性将有助于确定 在疾病完全消失之前，与高血压相关的变量 这是一个很好的方法，可以通过饮食和生活方式的改变进行早期干预。 由于高血压是未来冠心病、中风和 肾脏疾病，降低血压的风险， 高血压可导致发病率和死亡率降低。

DESCRIPTION (investigator's abstract): Family history of hypertension is a primary predictor of high blood pressure in later life. The principal goal of this application is to determine how 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure distinguishes between individuals with different family histories: 2 hypertensive parents, 1 hypertensive parent, normotensive parents. The investigators will also examine effects of family history of blood pressure in combination with other factors linked to elevated blood pressure and hypertension: job strain, social support and personality traits (i.e., hostility, unexpressed anger, anxiety, defensiveness). Effects will be evaluated on a work day and an off work day in 192 men and women, aged 22-50 years, in a broad range of occupations. The investigators hypothesize that ambulatory blood pressure during waking and sleeping hours will be highest in offsprings of 2 hypertensive parents, somewhat elevated in those with 1 hypertensive parent, and lowest in those with normotensive parents. Predicted blood pressure elevations as a function of family history are expected to be greater in individuals with any of the following characteristics: high job strain, anxiety, hostility, defensiveness, or low anger-out. Also, the combination of a personality trait such as high hostility (or high anxiety, high defensiveness, or low anger-out), high job strain, and a family history of hypertension (particularly with 2 hypertensive parents) should lead to greater blood pressure magnifications. All predicted blood pressure effects are expected to be further elevated during work days, whereas the presence of high social support is expected to moderate blood pressure elevations. By sampling serum lipids, insulin, and glucose and daytime and nighttime urinary catecholamines and cortisol, the investigators will evaluate the role of insulin resistance and the sympathetic nervous system in family history. Investigating healthy men and women at risk for hypertension will help identify variables associated with high blood pressure before the disease is fully manifested and enable early intervention through diet and life-style changes. Since hypertension is predictive of future coronary heart disease, stroke, and renal disease, lowering the blood pressure for individuals at risk for hypertension can result in decreased morbidity and mortality rates.