Towards a methodology for prospective governance in quantum computing technologies

项目概述本项目将审查和批评利益相关者参与框架，这些框架已纳入英国量子技术研究的一些实践领域。它的目标是创建一种方法，超越现有的“需求”类型的方法，为研究人员和开发人员提供实用技术，将他们的工作与更广泛的社会背景联系起来。项目背景‘科学’与‘社会’之间的脱节有着深刻的根源，可以追溯到20世纪下半叶关于‘公众理解’科学的辩论。随着各种技术对社会的负面影响日益明显，这些争论在过去十年中重新浮出水面。问题包括(但不限于)数据滥用、算法不公平，以及将未经证实和有问题的技术(如面部识别)融入日常社会。一系列统称为量子计算技术的技术代表着一个机会，可以“重置”这一麻烦的叙事的某些部分。人机交互学科的框架旨在解决科学发展和社会关切之间的冲突--使用预期治理和利益攸关方参与等技术--最近已被嵌入一些资金和监管和治理系统。量子计算技术虽然对现代世界的重大进步负有责任，但仍然是一个小而集中的领域。如果上述技术可以用于量子领域，以创建一种端到端的方法，将真正将科学嵌入其社会背景中，这将提供一个可以在计算机科学和技术开发的其他地方推广的模型。目的创建一种方法，将负责任的技术嵌入到整个领域的量子计算技术的研究和开发实践中，从基层培训到工业应用。目标本项目将审查围绕教学和培训ICT学生的认识论和教育学挑战，这些系统在伦理和法理的正义和社会契约理论中的基础，以及在研究和开发层面将这些技术纳入研究和开发的价值和可行性。该项目将专注于如何以注重响应性和互动性的方式将社会挑战嵌入量子计算的研究和开发中。该项目将通过混合方法研究进行。随着项目的进展，根据监督批准和必要的修改，目前的设想为：实地工作，包括观察向博士生教授负责任的创新课程，以及与负责提供负责任的技术培训的高级学者的访谈。Delphi与商业量子技术公司的研究。寻求嵌入负责任的创新方法的全球政策框架的系统文献综述。影响/贡献考虑到将RRI等框架纳入资金和治理中的相对新颖性，目前关于这些框架的有效性或它们在实际研究和开发中的有用性的研究还很少。对于这些技术的未来来说，对它们被纳入的方式以及它们作为一种实用方法的价值进行持续评估是至关重要的。这项研究试图提供这样一种相对于量子技术的评估，并对计算机科学具有更广泛的适用性，目的是创建一种方法论，可以用来保证负责任和亲社会的行为。该项目属于EPSRC量子技术研究领域

Project summaryThis project will examine and critique the stakeholder-involvement frameworks that have been incorporated into some areas of practice within UK quantum technology research. It aims to create a methodology for going beyond existing 'requirements' type approaches to offer researchers and developers practical techniques for connecting their work to broader societal contexts.Project backgroundA perceived disconnect between 'science' on the one hand and 'society' on the other has deep roots, stretching back to debates about 'public understanding' of science in the latter half of the 20th century. These debates have resurfaced in the last decade as negative impacts on society from many and various technologies have become increasingly apparent. Issues include (but are not limited to) data misuse, algorithmic unfairness, and the incorporation of unproven and problematic technology such as facial recognition into everyday society.The set of technologies collectively known as quantum computing technologies represents an opportunity to 'reset' some part of this troubled narrative. Frameworks from human-computer interaction (HCI) disciplines that aim to address breaches between scientific development and societal concerns - using techniques such as anticipatory governance and stakeholder involvement - have recently been embedded into some funding and regulatory and governance systems. Quantum computing technology, though responsible for significant advances in the modern world, remains a small and focused field. If the techniques described above can be used in quantum to create an end-to-end methodology that will truly embed science within its societal context, this could provide a model that can be rolled out elsewhere in computer sciences and technology development.AimsTo create a methodology for embedding responsible techniques into research and development practice in quantum computing technologies throughout the field, from grassroots training out to industrial applications.ObjectivesThis project will examine epistemological and pedagogical challenges around teaching and training ICT students in 'responsible' methodologies, the foundations of these systems in ethical and jurisprudential theories of justice and social contract, and the value and practicability of incorporating them at the level of research and development. The project will focus on how societal challenges can be embedded into quantum computing research and development in a way that focuses on responsiveness and mutuality. The project will be carried out through mixed-methods research. Subject to supervisory approval and necessary alterations as the project progresses, this is currently envisaged as:Fieldwork including observation of the teaching of responsible innovation to doctoral students and interviews with senior academics tasked with delivering responsible technology trainingDelphi study with commercial quantum technology companies.Systematic literature review on policy frameworks worldwide that seek to embed responsible innovation approaches.Impact/contributionGiven the relative novelty of the incorporation of frameworks such as RRI into funding and governance, there is as yet little research on the effectiveness of these frameworks or their usefulness in actual research and development. It is critical for the future of such techniques that there is ongoing assessment of the way in which they are incorporated, and their value as a practical methodology. This research seeks to provide such an assessment vis-à-vis quantum technologies and with wider applicability to computer sciences, with the aim of creating a methodology that can be utilised as an assurance of responsible and pro-social behaviour.This project falls within the EPSRC Quantum technologies research area