ANTINEOPLASTIC POLYAMINE ANALOGUES

多胺代谢途径是肿瘤化疗干预的新靶点。干扰该途径通常会导致细胞生长速度下降，但在某些特定情况下会导致表型特异性细胞毒性。我们已经开发了许多合成路线，提供了一条通往各种新的不对称取代多胺类似物的途径，其中许多具有独特的生化活性。到目前为止，已经合成了43个新的类似物，并检测了它们的抗增殖活性，目的是阐明它们的作用机制。初步结果表明，对这些独特类似物的研究提供了主要发现。1)类似物诱导多胺分解产生过氧化氢，在对一些最有前途的类似物的表型特异性细胞毒反应中发挥重要作用；2)类似物产生的细胞毒性通过caspase依赖和独立的程序性细胞死亡途径产生；3)已发现多胺类似物全新的活性机制，特别是产生G2/M阻滞、改变微管蛋白聚合和作为纺锤体毒物的能力；4)对这些独特类似物的研究发现，天然多胺可能在保护染色质免受活性氧攻击方面具有重要的自由基清除剂功能。基于这些令人兴奋的初步结果，本申请中搁置的研究的主要目标是在上述发现的基础上进行扩展，并进行详细的结构分析，以帮助生产更有效的抗肿瘤药物。

The polyamine metabolic pathway represents an attractive and novel target for chemotherapeutic intervention in the treatment of neoplastic disease. Interference with the pathway generally leads to a decrease in cellular growth rate, but in some specific instance results in phenotype- specific cytotoxicity. We have developed a number of synthetic routes that provide a pathway to a wide variety of novel unsymmetrically substituted polyamine analogues, many with unique biochemical activities. Forty-three new analogues have been synthesized to date and examined for their anti proliferative activity with the goal of elucidating their mechanism of action. The preliminary results demonstrate major findings provided by the study of these unique analogues. 1) The production of H2O2 produced as a result of analogue induced polyamine catabolism can play a significant role in the phenotype-specific cytotoxic response to some of the most promising analogues; 2) The cytotoxicity produced by the analogues results through caspase-dependent and - independent programmed cell death pathways; 3) A completely novel mechanisms of activity for polyamine analogue have been discovered, specifically the abilities to produced a G2/M block, alter tubulin polymerization and act as spindle poisons; 4) The study of these unique analogues has led to the discovery that the natural polyamines may have the important function of acting as free radical scavengers in protecting chromatin from reactive oxygen species attack. Based on these exciting preliminary results from the major goals of the studies detained in this application are to expand upon the above finding and to perform detailed structure analyses to aid in the production of more effective anti- neoplastic agents.