Novel approach to Marine Energy device instrumenting and real-time sensor data processing

为了满足日益增长的全球能源需求，必须开发更多的能源。随着气候变化和有限化石燃料的影响越来越大，必须利用清洁的可再生能源。风能和太阳能技术已经成熟到足以在成本上具有竞争力，然而，海洋能源(潮汐和波浪技术)--特别是潮汐--目前还处于商业化前阶段1。潮汐能既是能源密集的，也是可预测的，尽管它在空间上是有限的，但需要相对的地理限制。目前，潮汐能发展的一个主要挑战是缺乏对高能量地点的潮汐流动的了解，这导致过度工程技术经济中心，这直接对应于巨大的建设费用和统一的能源成本(LCOE)--电价不足以产生投资回报2。TECS目前复制了风电行业，尽管运营条件不同。边界层、水深测量、海岸线几何形状和其他复杂因素通过整个水柱中的波浪和水流之间的相互作用而经历。现场特征(部署TEC之前需要)利用声学多普勒水流剖面仪(ADCP)，这些设备收集与潮流、方向和湍流因素对应的数据，不同的变化允许以不同的分辨率进行更大范围和更深的分析。ADCP是获得瞬时速度剖面测量的最实用和最经济的仪器3。这些数据集的获取成本很高，而且只能从单一位置提供信息。它们通常用于校准和验证广域数值模式，可以提供更多的站点范围的信息。ADCP伴随着诸如：随机误差；校准；分辨率误差；器件放置和定向；温度传感器和数据采集等不确定性。目前，已有用于确定校准仪器和测量结果的不确定度的标准，这些标准是技术规范IEC 62600-200：20134功率性能评估(PPA)的一部分。这些项目主要基于风能标准IEC 61400-12 PPA5，有必要证明这些标准特别适用于潮汐能。该项目将与工业合作伙伴EMEC合作进行，并可能在整个项目过程中与开发商建立外部关系。三所大学将提供监督(爱丁堡大学、斯特拉斯克莱德大学和埃克塞特大学)。重点是制定与功率曲线结果不确定度有关的IEC 62600-200ppa。将分析仪器的实时数据处理，探索电池电源或电缆连接问题的解决方案。在可能的情况下，探索实时数据处理的技术和见解，为购买力平价做出贡献。这项工作还将酌情考虑与潮汐资源表征这一更广泛挑战相关的其他行业指南和工作。

In order to meet the ever increasing global energy demand, additional energy sources must be explored. With increasing effects of climate change and finite fossil fuels, clean renewable energy must be utilised. Both wind and solar technologies are mature enough to be cost competitive, however, marine energy (tidal and wave technologies) - specifically tidal - is presently at the pre-commercial stage1. Tidal power is both energy dense and predictable, though it is spatially limited, relative geographic constrictions are required.One major challenge for tidal power progression at present is the lack of knowledge of tidal flow at high energy sites, this contributes to over engineering TECs which directly correspond to large expenses in both construction and levelised cost of energy (LCOE) - price of electricity is not sufficient to generate returns on investments2 . TECs currently replicate the wind industry, though operation conditions are dissimilar. Factors such as: boundary layer, bathymetry, coastline geometries and additional complications are experienced through the interaction between wave and currents throughout the water column.Site characterisations (required before deployment of TEC) utilise Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs), these devices collect data corresponding to tidal flow, direction and turbulence factors, different variations allow for longer ranges and depths with differing resolutions to be analysed. ADCPs are the most practical and economical instruments for obtaining instantaneous velocity profile measurements3. These data sets are expensive to acquire and only provide information from a single location. They are typically used to calibrate and validate wide-region numerical models which can provide more site-wide information.ADCPs come with uncertainties such as: random error; calibration; resolution error; device placement & orientation; temperature sensor and data acquisition. Currently, standards exist for determining uncertainties in calibrated instruments and measured results, these are part of the technical specification IEC 62600-200:20134, power performance assessment (PPA). These are largely based on the wind standard IEC 61400-12 PPA5, and there is a need to demonstrate the suitability of these specifically to tidal energy.The project will be carried out in collaboration with an industrial partner, EMEC and external relationships may be formed with developers throughout the project. Three universities will provide supervision (Edinburgh, Strathclyde and Exeter). The focus is to develop the IEC 62600-200 PPA in relation to uncertainty of results for the power curve. Real-time data processing of instruments will be analysed, exploring solutions to issues found with battery power or cable connection. Where possible, explore techniques and insights from real-time data processing to contribute to PPA. The work will also consider, where appropriate, other Industrial Guidance and work related to the broader challenge of Tidal Resource Characterisation.