Host-Microbe Interactions

描述（由申请人提供）：本计划的主要目标是招募有才华、有进取心的研究生和博士后，并为他们提供一流的培训，使他们成为有竞争力的独立研究者，从事学术研究。该项目教师的研究兴趣涉及宿主-微生物相互作用和发病机制相关主题的广泛问题，这使得新入职的实习生在实验系统、方法和研究主题方面有相当广泛的选择。培训方案包括动物和人体系统，从而提高我们吸引和培养医学博士的能力从事研究工作。拟议的培训补助金的另一个优势是参与教师的研究项目的质量。该提案包括13名资金充足的项目教师，他们在当前感兴趣的众多领域进行了富有成效、及时和充满活力的研究工作。特定的优势领域是细菌，寄生虫和病毒发病机制的分子遗传学；寄生虫的细胞和免疫生物学；B细胞活化及与辅助T细胞和淋巴因子的相互作用；粘膜免疫反应；宿主-病原体相互作用中的信号事件；各种免疫机制参与抵抗传染病，包括由寄生虫、细菌和逆转录病毒（如艾滋病毒和小鼠艾滋病病毒）引起的传染病；免疫疗法和疫苗设计。这些领域是利用现代遗传学、免疫学、生物化学和分子生物学技术进行研究的。我们拥有一流的设施，包括1992年在鲍维尔研究大楼建造的新实验室。该提案还受益于现有的强大的博士学位研究生课程的存在。分子发病机制的培训跨越六个系，包括两个研究生课程-生理学和分子与细胞生物学-后者包含了大多数参与的教师和学生。与这个组织相一致，达特茅斯学院分子发病机制的研究生培训是一种跨学科的方法，这种方法是由一个高度互动的环境培育的，在这个环境中，受训者经常接触到从临床到基础科学研究的不同领域的教师专业知识，在各种论坛上，包括一些高级课程，每周研讨会系列和期刊俱乐部，以及静修。通过这些方式，我们的学员受益于积极的教师参与和科学交流，从而最大限度地沟通他们的工作，项目教师的工作，以及国际水平上各个跨学科领域的进展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary goals of the proposed training program are first to recruit talented and highly motivated graduate students and postdoctoral fellows and second to provide them with first-rate training which will prepare them for careers in academic research as competitive, independent investigators. The program faculty's research interests span a wide range of questions regarding host-microbe interactions and related topics in pathogenesis, which allows the entering trainee a considerable breadth of choice of experimental systems, approaches, and research topics. Training options include animal and human systems, thus enhancing our ability to attract and train M.D.'s for research careers. Another strength of the proposed training grant is the quality of the research programs of the participating faculty. This proposal includes 13 well-funded program faculty members who have productive, timely, and energetic research efforts in numerous areas of current interest. Particular areas of strength are molecular genetics of bacterial, parasitic, and viral pathogenesis; cellular and immunobiology of parasites; B cell activation and interaction with T helper cells and lymphokines; mucosal immune responses; signaling events in host-pathogen interactions; involvement of various immune mechanisms in resistance to infectious diseases including those caused by parasites, bacteria, and retroviruses such as HIV and mouse AIDS (MAIDS) virus; immunotherapeutics and vaccine design. These areas are pursued using the full range of modem genetic, immunologic, biochemical, and molecular biologic techniques. We have excellent facilities, including new laboratories in the Borwell Research Building constructed in 1992. The proposal also benefits from the presence of strong existing graduate programs leading to the Ph.D. degree. Training in molecular pathogenesis spans six departments that encompass two graduate programs - Physiology, and Molecular and Cellular Biology - with the latter containing the majority of the participating faculty and students. Consistent with this organization, graduate training in molecular pathogenesis at Dartmouth is an interdisciplinary approach that is nurtured by a highly interactive environment in which the trainees are regularly exposed to diverse areas of faculty expertise, from clinical to basic science studies, in a variety of forums, including a number of advanced courses, weekly seminar series and journal clubs, and retreats. By these means our trainees benefit from a vigorous faculty involvement and scientific exchange that results in maximized communication of their work, the program faculty's work, and the progress of the various interdisciplinary fields on the international level.