Large-scale Bioenergy with Carbon Capture & Storage

背景资料：政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）为实现《巴黎协定》的排放目标而制定的情景中，超过85%依赖于从大气中去除二氧化碳的能力。生物能源与碳捕获和储存（BECCS）目前预计将成为实现这一目标的主要技术。BECCS过程产生能量，然后捕获通过生物质燃烧释放的CO2-永久储存这种CO2将导致从大气中净去除CO2。然而，生物质能和二氧化碳捕获和储存技术还没有商业化，在如何生产足够的可持续生物量以支持其大规模部署方面仍然存在许多不确定性。正如2015年在巴黎商定的那样，BECCS可能对将全球平均气温上升限制在1.5摄氏度至关重要。这个高度专题博士将有助于提高我们对BECCS方法的可行性和有效性的理解。项目范围：广泛的基于森林的生物能源材料的采购现在是英国大规模生物能源发电的一个成熟途径。然而，任何大规模部署BECCS技术都意味着将需要相应大规模的进一步原料。至关重要的是，这些原料的来源是可持续的，最终，BECCS途径提供净负排放。该项目将分析在英国使用来自农业或工业部门的废物和残留物的生物质原料开发大规模BECCS的潜力。拟议的研究主题包括：i）绘制生物质资源可用性;开发生物质资源供应链和BECCS技术方案; iii）分析英国大规模BECCS部署的生物能源潜力，iv）评估可能实现的净负排放水平，以及v）确定大规模BECCS部署的潜在挑战和机遇。对开发和测试BECCS技术的兴趣正在增加，廷德尔中心和Supergen生物能源中心已与英国能源部门和工业合作伙伴建立了联系。该项目将受益于与一个主要工业合作伙伴的互动，该合作伙伴目前正在探索扩大其基于英国和国际废物和残留物的生物质原料供应链的潜力。

Background: More than 85% of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) scenarios for achieving the emissions targets of the 'Paris Agreement' are reliant on an ability to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is currently expected to be the primary technology for achieving this. BECCS processes generate energy and then capture the CO2 that is release through combustion of biomass - permanent storing of this CO2 will result in net removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. However, BECCS technologies are not commercially established and there remain many uncertainties about how to produce sufficient sustainable biomass to support its deployment at scale. BECCS could be critical to limiting global average temperature rise to 1.5C, as agreed in Paris in 2015. This highly topical PhD will contribute to improving our understanding of the viability and efficacy of the BECCS approach.Project Scope: The widespread sourcing of forest-based materials for bioenergy is now a well-established pathway for large scale bioenergy generation in the UK. However, any large-scale deployment of BECCS technologies will mean that further feedstocks will be required at a correspondingly large scale. It is essential that these feedstocks are sourced sustainably and that, ultimately, BECCS pathways deliver net negative emissions. This project will analyse the potential for developing large scale BECCS in the UK using biomass feedstocks derived from waste and residues from agricultural or industrial sectors. Proposed research themes include: i) mapping biomass resource availability; developing biomass resource supply chain & BECCS technology scenarios; iii) analysing the bioenergy potential for large scale BECCS deployment in the UK, iv) evaluating the levels of net negative emissions that may be achieved, and v) identifying the potential challenges & opportunities of large scale deployment of BECCS. Interest in developing and testing BECCS technologies is increasing and the Tyndall Centre and the Supergen Bioenergy Hub have established links with the UK energy sector and industrial partners. The project will benefit from interaction with a key industrial partner currently exploring the potential of expanding its biomass feedstock supply chains based on UK and international wastes and residues.