Effect of prenatal DHA supplements on infant development

描述（由申请人提供）：我们的研究是关于多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）对人类发育的意义。具体来说，我们将通过在墨西哥Cuernavaca进行的一项随机对照干预试验，评估怀孕期间补充DHA对婴儿生长发育的影响。这将是埃默里大学罗林斯公共卫生学院国际卫生系、墨西哥库埃尔纳瓦卡国家公共卫生研究所（INSP）和墨西哥社会安全研究所（IMSS）之间的合作努力。在妊娠20-24周时，在IMSS综合医院I就诊的孕妇（n=994）将被招募，并随机分配每天服用DHA（200毫克）或安慰剂，直至分娩。主要研究终点包括a)出生结局：出生尺寸、胎龄、脐带血的DHA和神经发育水平,b)母体血液和母乳DHA水平1和3莫产后),c)产后生长和发育在前18 mo的年龄和d)婴儿DHA状态3、12和18。将进行所有的数据收集在研究总部(IMSS)除了家庭环境,将评估在家访6和12莫。物理增长(长度、重量、在出生、1、3、6、9、12和18个月时分别由训练有素的护士和心理学家测量婴儿发育（Brazelton & Fagan测试、视觉和听觉诱发电位以及Bayley婴儿发育量表）和婴儿发育。还将获得关于社会经济地位、产科史、产妇饮食、人体测量和智力、家庭环境质量和婴儿喂养做法的数据。数据分析将包括确保随机化有效性后的组比较（意向治疗）和结构方程模型，以检查怀孕期间补充DHA影响儿童生长发育的各种途径。该项目的研究结果将大大有助于我们了解DHA在怀孕期间补充的功能后果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our research is about the significance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for human development. Specifically, we will assess the effect of docasohexanoic acid (DHA) supplementation during pregnancy on infant growth and development through a randomized controlled intervention trial in Cuernavaca, Mexico. This will be a collaborative effort among the Department of International Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, the Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica (INSP) and the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuernavaca, Mexico. Pregnant women (n=994) attending the IMSS General Hospital I will be recruited at 20-24 wks gestation and assigned randomly to receive either DHA (200 mg) or a placebo daily until delivery. The main study endpoints include a) birth outcomes: birth size, gestational age, cord blood levels of DHA and neurodevelopment, b) maternal blood and breast milk DHA levels at 1 and 3 mo post-partum), c) postnatal growth and development during the first 18 mo of age and d) infant DHA status at 3, 12 and 18 mo. All data collection will be carried out at the study headquarters (IMSS) except for home environment that will be assessed during home visits at 6 and 12 mo. Physical growth (length, weight, and head circumference) and infant development (Brazelton & Fagan test, visual and auditory evoked potentials, and Bayley scales of infant development) will be measured at birth, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 mo by trained nurses and psychologists, respectively. Data will also be obtained on socioeconomic status, obstetric history, maternal diet, anthropometry and intelligence, quality of home environment and infant feeding practices. Data analyses will include group comparisons (intent-to-treat) after ensuring effectiveness of randomization, and structural equation modeling to examine the various pathways by which DHA supplementation during pregnancy affects child growth and development. The findings of this project will contribute significantly to our understanding of the functional consequences of DHA supplementation during pregnancy.