Early Life and genetic effects on obesity and diabetes

描述（由申请人提供）： 圣安东尼奥的德克萨斯大学健康科学中心临床流行病学部为我提供了作为糖尿病和心血管流行病学家追求的近期职业目标，包括统计遗传学培训和实施我自己的研究。这些技能对我的职业发展至关重要，我的长期职业目标是作为一名遗传流行病学家建立一个坚实的独立研究计划。该研究项目的目的是在两项正在进行的研究（圣安东尼奥家庭糖尿病研究（SAFDS）和圣安东尼奥家庭心脏研究（SAFHS））中调查和表征宫内和幼儿暴露及其与肥胖和2型糖尿病发展的关系。SAFDS和SAFHS是对低收入墨西哥裔美国家庭的研究，这些家庭包括来自80多个大家庭的2，361名成年参与者。在每项研究中，都完成了标准化的医疗检查，包括人体测量和血压测量、空腹静脉穿刺和口服葡萄糖耐量试验。此外，在未来几个月内，将对绝大多数参与者进行400个高度多态性标记的完整基因组扫描，这些标记以大约10厘摩的间隔分布在整个基因组中。建议项目的具体目标包括收集超过1600名参与者和母亲自我报告的母乳喂养信息，以及999名参与者报告的一系列早期生命暴露信息。母亲报告的关注暴露包括母乳喂养持续时间、母亲妊娠期间吸烟和饮酒、妊娠期高血压和/或妊娠期间糖尿病、妊娠间隔以及妊娠与未来糖尿病发展之间的时间间隔（糖尿病个体）。感兴趣的研究问题包括早期生活暴露与成人肥胖和糖尿病之间的关联，糖尿病和肥胖的遗传性是否受到早期生活暴露的影响，这些暴露本身可能是家族性的，最后确定与肥胖和糖尿病相关的基因和基因与环境的相互作用。这项拟议的研究，通过将先前在两项已建立的研究中收集的信息与收集的早期生活暴露信息相结合，弥合了遗传学和流行病学之间的差距，提供了一个独特的培训机会，并有机会进一步了解肥胖和糖尿病。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Immediate career goals that the Division of Clinical Epidemiology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio provides me the opportunity to pursue as a diabetes and cardiovascular epidemiologist, include training in statistical genetics and implementation of my own study. These skills are essential for my career development, my long-term career objective being to establish a solid independent research program as a genetic epidemiologist. The objective of the research project is to investigate and characterize intrauterine and early childhood exposures and their relationship to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes in two ongoing studies, the San Antonio Family Diabetes Study (SAFDS) and the San Antonio Family Heart Study (SAFHS). The SAFDS and the SAFHS are studies of low-income Mexican American families that combined include 2,361 adult participants from over 80 extended families. In each study, a standardized medical examination has been completed, including measurements of anthropometry and blood pressure, a fasting venipuncture and an oral glucose tolerance test. Moreover, in the coming months, a complete genomic scan of 400 highly polymorphic markers distributed throughout the genome at approximately 10 centimorgan intervals will be available on the vast majority of participants. Specific aims of the proposed project include collecting self-reported information on breast-feeding from over 1600 participants and mother, reported information on an array of early life exposures on 999 participants. Mother-reported exposures of interest include duration of breast-feeding, maternal smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, gestational hypertension and/or diabetes during pregnancy, inter-pregnancy interval, and the time interval between pregnancy and future development of diabetes (among diabetic individuals). Research questions of interest include the association between early life exposures and adult obesity and diabetes, whether the heritability of diabetes and obesity is influenced by early life exposures that are themselves likely to be familial, and finally the identification of genes and gene by environment interactions related to obesity and diabetes. The proposed study, by combining previously collected information in two established studies with collection of information on early life exposures, bridges the gap between genetics and epidemiology, offering a unique training opportunity and an opportunity to further our understanding of obesity and diabetes.