Mammo & Cardiac SPECT w/Rotating Slant Hole Collimator

描述（由申请人提供）： 这是一个竞争性的更新资助申请，其目标是开发一个独特的三维SPECT成像技术，使用旋转多段斜孔（RMSSH）准直器的重新提交。该创新技术的主要优点是，与平行孔SPECT相比，在对乳房和心脏等小器官进行成像时，能够在相同的空间分辨率下大幅提高检测效率。(For 4段斜孔准直器，增益比相同分辨率的标准平行孔准直器高-3倍。）此外，该技术还允许对相机在有限角度范围内旋转时获取的RMSSH投影数据进行完全3D图像重建。该采集策略特别适用于NM诊所、急诊室和重症监护室中重病患者的乳房和心脏成像。在过去的3年中，我们（1）设计、构建和评估了用于乳房3D成像的RMSSH准直器，（2）开发和评估了用于使用RMSSH准直器采集的投影数据的新3D分析和迭代重建算法，（3）开发了允许我们设计和评估仪器的Monte Carlo模拟软件包，RMSSH SPECT的数据采集策略和图像重建方法，以及（4）进行实验体模研究，为乳腺和心脏的临床成像提供RMSSH SPECT的初步评价。在此更新申请中，我们建议继续从理论，模拟和实验到临床研究的RMSSH在乳腺成像的发展。此外，我们建议将RMSSH SPECT的应用扩展到NM诊所、急诊室和重症监护室的重症患者的心脏成像。此次竞争性续约申请有6个具体目标。它们是：（1）设计用于乳房和心脏SPECT的优化的MSSH和MSVSH准直器，（2）开发用于RMSSH和RMSVSH SPECT的3D图像重建方法，包括衰减、准直器-探测器模糊和散射的校正，（3）使用体模研究评估用于乳房和心脏的两种RMSSH SPECT成像技术的数据采集策略和图像重建方法，（4）使用Hotelling和人体观察者在模拟数据上评估两种RMSSH SPECT成像技术在乳房和心脏的应用，（5）评估两种RMSSH SPECT技术在临床乳房成像中的应用，和（6）评估两种RMSSH SPECT技术在临床心脏SPECT成像中的应用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a resubmission of a competitive renewal grant application whose goal is to develop a unique 3D SPECT imaging technique using rotating multi-segment slant-hole (RMSSH) collimators. The major advantage for the innovative technique is its ability to provide substantial increase in detection efficiency for the same spatial resolution as compared to parallel-hole SPECT in imaging small organs such as breasts and heart. (For a 4- segment slant-hole collimator, the gain is -3 times higher than that of a standard parallel-hole collimator with the same resolution.) In addition, the technique allows fully 3D image reconstruction of RMSSH projection data acquired with the camera rotating over a limited angular range. The acquisition strategy is particularly suitable for imaging the breast and heart of very sick patients in NM clinics, emergency room and intensive care units. During the last 3 years, we have (1) designed, constructed and evaluated a RMSSH collimator for 3D imaging of the breast, (2) developed and evaluated new 3D analytical and iterative reconstruction algorithms for projection data acquired using a RMSSH collimator, (3) developed a Monte Carlo simulation software package that allows us to design and evaluate the instrumentation, data acquisition strategies and image reconstruction methods for RMSSH SPECT, and (4) performed experimental phantom studies that provide preliminary evaluation of RMSSH SPECT for clinical imaging of the breast and heart. In this renewal application, we propose to continue the development of RMSSH in breast imaging from theoretical, simulation and experimental to clinical studies. In addition, we propose extend the application of RMSSH SPECT to cardiac imaging of very sick patients in NM clinics, emergency room and intensive care units. This competitive renewal application has 6 specific aims. They are: (1) to design optimized MSSH and MSVSH collimators for breast and cardiac SPECT, (2) to develop 3D image reconstruction methods for RMSSH and RMSVSH SPECT that include correction for attenuation, collimator-detector blur and scatter, (3) to evaluate data acquisition strategies and image reconstruction methods for the two RMSSH SPECT imaging techniques of the breast and heart using phantom studies, (4) to evaluate the applications of the two RMSSH SPECT imaging techniques for the breast and heart using Hotelling and human observers on simulated data, (5) to evaluate the application of the two RMSSH SPECT techniques to clinical breast imaging, and (6) to evaluate the application of the two RMSSH SPECT techniques to clinical cardiac SPECT imaging.