Antibody Encapsulated Electrochemical Biosensor for GABA

描述（由申请人提供）：γ-氨基丁酸（“GABA”）是哺乳动物神经系统的主要抑制性神经递质，在神经功能和功能障碍中起重要作用。准确的真实的时间测量GABA将大大加快发现GABA在运动障碍，包括亨廷顿病和帕金森氏症，癫痫发作，肌阵挛放电，酒精成瘾的关键作用。目前用于GABA的细胞外测量的技术集中于脊髓液的微透析，随后是结合柱前/柱后衍生的液相色谱。基于液相色谱的测量是不连续的，而微透析是一种侵入性的程序，导致神经元死亡和反应性神经胶质增生，时空分辨率差。INFRAMAT提出通过“竞争性酶免疫测定”策略，电化学测量非电活性GABA神经递质，证明利用功能化生物材料显著提高生物传感器在高灵敏度GABA检测中的性能的可行性。该技术将采用IMC的湿化学合成法制备抗体连接的纳米颗粒，将功能化的纳米颗粒固定在传感器上，以获得高灵敏度的生物传感器，用于真实的实时监测GABA浓度，并使基于生物传感器的功能化纳米颗粒在人工脑脊液中的体外测试成为可能。这种纳米工程方法将使生物传感器能够连续和直接测量GABA浓度，并可以扩展到多个通道，以获得脑切片和细胞培养制剂的时空分布。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Gamma-aminobutyric acid ("GABA") is a main mammalian nervous system inhibitory neurotransmitter, playing important roles in neural function and dysfunction. Accurate real time measurement of GABA will greatly accelerate discoveries on the key role of GABA in motor disorders including Huntington's disease and Parkinson's, seizures, myoclonic discharges, and alcohol addiction. Current technology for extracellular measurement of GABA focuses on microdialysis of the cerebro-spinal fluid, followed by liquid chromatography combined with pre-/post column derivatization. Liquid chromatography-based measurements are not continuous, while microdialysis is an invasive procedure causing neuronal death and reactive gliosis with poor spatial-temporal resolution. INFRAMAT proposes to demonstrate feasibility of exploiting functionalized biomaterials to dramatically improve biosensor performance in high sensitivity GABA detection, via a "competitive enzyme immunoassay" strategy, electrochemically measuring non-electroactive GABA neurotransmitters. The proposed technology will adopt IMC's wet chemical synthesis to produce antibody-linked nanoparticles, immobilize functionalized nanoparticles onto transducers to obtain high sensitivity biosensors for real time monitoring GABA concentrations, and enable in-vitro testing of the biosensor based functionalized nanoparticles in artificial cerebro-spinal fluid. This nano-engineered approach will enable biosensors for continuous and direct measurement of GABA concentrations, and can be extended to multiple channels to obtain a spatial-temporal distribution in brain slice and cell culture preparations.