Real-time control system for biological experiments

描述（由申请人提供）：传统上，实验人员干扰系统的能力仅限于严格的预编程模式或受人类反射约束的灵活的操作员控制协议。相比之下，“实时控制”允许研究人员根据瞬时系统测量的自动分析利用动态操作，从而在从分子生物物理学到神经科学等领域实现全新的生物实验范式。不幸的是，标准的计算机操作系统无法实现实时控制，而商业实时系统价格昂贵，而且通常是为工业非生物应用量身定制的。这里提出的工作旨在通过开发一个免费的、强大的、灵活的开源系统来实时控制生物实验，从而绕过这些问题。本项目的具体目标是：1。统一三个互补的实时控制系统。研究人员和合作研究人员一直在独立开发实时控制系统。每个系统都有自己的优势，可以弥补其他系统的不足。我们将把这些系统合并起来，形成一个功能大大扩展的强大统一系统。2. 将功能扩展到非Linux平台。因为我们的目标是实现实时生物实验，而不是将用户转换为Linux，我们将开发方法，使Windows和Apple用户可以运行我们的系统，而不必放弃他们首选的平台。3. 开发性能监控指标和工具。为了帮助实验人员设计实验应用程序，将开发监测系统性能的工具，并建立性能指标。4. 创建一个广泛的实时实验应用程序库。我们将开发一个通用和特定应用的实验控制“插件”库。用户将能够从这些选项中进行选择和/或自定义，以满足他们的特定实验需求。5. 为插件开发一个可视化设计工具。我们将开发一个视觉设计工具，用户将能够开发插件，而无需手动编辑源代码。通过消除对编程的需要，该工具将大大增加能够开发实验控制应用程序的用户数量。6. 优化易用性。为了最大限度地降低初学者的入门门槛，并最大限度地提高经验丰富的用户的生产力，我们将强调用户友好性并开发全面的文档。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Traditionally, the ability of experimentalists to perturb a system has been limited to rigid pre-programmed patterns or flexible operator-controlled protocols constrained by human reflexes. In contrast, "real-time control" allows the researcher to utilize dynamic manipulations according to automated analysis of instantaneous system measurements, thereby enabling entirely new biological experimentation paradigms in fields ranging from molecular biophysics to neuroscience. Unfortunately, real-time control is not possible with standard computer operating systems, and commercial real-time systems are costly and often tailored for industrial non-biological applications. The work proposed here is aimed at bypassing these problems by developing a freely available, powerful, and flexible open-source system for real-time control of biological experiments. The specific aims of this project are: 1. To unify three complementary real-time control systems. The investigator and co-investigators have been independently developing real-time control systems. Each system has particular strengths that complement the weaknesses of the others. We will merge these systems to form a powerful unified system with greatly expanded functionality. 2. To extend functionality to non- Linux platforms. Because our goal is to enable real-time biological experimentation, rather than to convert users to Linux, we will develop methods by which Windows and Apple users can run our system without having to abandon their preferred platforms. 3. To develop performance-monitoring metrics and tools. To aid experimentalists in designing an experiment application, tools for monitoring system performance will be developed and performance metrics will be established. 4. To create an extensive real-time experiment application library. We will develop a library of both general-purpose and application-specific experiment-control "plugins". Users will be able to choose from these options and/or customize them to meet their particular experiment demands. 5. To develop a visual-design tool for plugin development. We will develop a visual-design tool with which users will be able to develop plugins without manually editing source code. By eliminating the need for programming, this tool will greatly increase the number of users who will be able to develop experiment-control applications. 6. To optimize ease of use. To minimize the barrier of entry for beginners and maximize the productivity of experienced users, we will emphasize user-friendliness and develop comprehensive documentation.