Challenging 'far-right ecologism' through contemporary environmental fiction

在过去的十年里，英国自然写作通过罗伯特·麦克法兰、罗杰·迪肯等人的作品重新流行起来。“新自然保护”一词出现在格兰塔2008年的同名作品集中，导致了植物学、地质学和鸟类学写作的爆炸式增长，以及大量新的环境小说。这些体裁继续与日益兴起的生态行动主义并肩成长，自然写作的保护主义原则与研究，代表和保护自然世界的驱动力重叠。然而，生态保护的原则也导致了另一种环保主义现象的复苏，即“极右生态主义”（FRE）。极右翼生态主义将保护主义重新定义为全球主义、孤立主义和民族文化纯洁性问题的政治战场。它的复兴受到民粹主义右翼团体和激进的在线社区的推动，28岁的布伦顿·塔兰特在新西兰基督城谋杀51人之前与他们分享了他的FRE宣言“伟大的替代”。在离家更近的地方，英国景观的美学继续被极右翼团体政治化，如爱国替代者，他们于2020年7月在Mam Tor（峰区）的峰会上展开了一个巨大的白色生活重要的旗帜，以抗议国民托管组织。正是这种特殊形式的环境激进主义的文学根源，我希望我的创造性和批判性的工作来探索和挑战。我的研究旨在建立在现有的FRE和英国自然写作的基础上，找到共同的根源，交叉点和冲突点，以产生一个60，000字的小说和20，000字的批判性反思。通过我的工作，我将利用当代英国自然小说的主题和主题来创作第一部原创长篇小说，直接解决我们社会中的FRE问题。

In the past ten years, British nature writing has enjoyed a resurgence of popularity through the works of Robert Macfarlane, Roger Deakin and others. The emergence of 'The New Nature Writing', a term coined in Granta's 2008 collection of the same name, has led to an explosion of botanical, geological and ornithological writing, as well as a wealth of new environmental fiction. These genres continue to grow side-by-side with rising ecological activism, where nature writing's conservationist principles overlap with a drive to study, represent and protect the natural world. However, principles of ecological conservation have also led to the resurgence of another environmentalist phenomenon, that of 'far-right ecologism' (FRE). Far-right ecologism reframes conservationism as a political battleground fought on issues of globalism, isolationism and ethno-cultural purity. Its resurgence has been fuelled both by populist right-wing groups and by the same radical online communities with which twenty-eight year old Brenton Tarrant shared his FRE manifesto 'The Great Replacement' before murdering fifty-one people in Christchurch, New Zealand. Closer to the home, the aesthetics of the English landscape continue to be politicised by far-right groups such as The Patriotic Alternative, who in July 2020 unfurled a giant White Lives Matter banner at the summit of Mam Tor (Peak District) in protest against the National Trust. It is the literary roots of this particular form of environmental radicalism that I want my creative and critical work to explore and challenge. My research aims to build on existing readings of both FRE and British nature writing, locating common roots, intersections and points of conflict, in order to produce a 60,000-word novel and 20,000-word critical reflection. Through my work I will utilise the themes and motifs of contemporary British nature fiction to create the first piece of original longer fiction that directly addresses issues of FRE in our society.