Social Problem Solving and Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

描述（由申请人提供）： 胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）是一个主要的公共卫生问题，患病率估计为每100例活产1例或更多，具体取决于所使用的诊断方法和标准（1）。受产前酒精暴露影响的个体面临一系列神经认知和行为后果。社会问题解决是一个重要的研究领域 由于其对适应功能的广泛影响，并且可能是许多产前大量接触酒精的个体的损伤领域。因此，这项建议的长期目标是建立一个研究方案，研究父母在整个生命周期中接触酒精的个人解决社会问题的技能，并制定适当的干预策略。本研究的一个具体目的是建立在以前的研究结果与青少年，并确定是否年幼的儿童与产前酒精暴露严重表现出社会问题解决的障碍。此外，本建议旨在评估社会问题解决与相关结构之间的关系，以提高对儿童问题解决能力的理解。这些具体目标将通过标准的组比较方法，通过比较父母接触酒精的儿童与匹配的非接触对照儿童的表现来实现。社会问题解决能力将通过向孩子们展示假设性的录像片段并问他们一系列标准化的问题来评估。此外，将完成自尊、抑郁、精神病理学、社交技能和执行功能的标准化问卷， 回归和相关分析将被用来研究他们与解决社会问题的关系。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a major public health concern, with prevalence estimates of 1 per 100 live births or more depending on diagnostic methods and criteria used (1). Individuals affected by prenatal alcohol exposure face a range of neurocognitive and behavioral consequences. Social problem solving is an important domain of study due to its wide-ranging impact on adaptive functioning and may be an area of impairment for many individuals with heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol. Thus, a long-term objective of this proposal is to build a program of study on the social problem solving skills of individuals parentally exposed to alcohol across the life span and develop appropriate intervention strategies. A specific aim of this study is to build on previous findings with adolescents and determine if younger children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure demonstrate impairments in social problem solving. In addition, this proposal aims to assess the relationships between social problem solving and related constructs to improve understanding of children's problem solving abilities. These specific aims will be achieved through standard group comparison methodologies by comparing the performance of children parentally exposed to alcohol with that of matched non-exposed controls. Social problem solving skills will be assessed by presenting videotaped hypothetical vignettes to children and asking them a series of standardized questions. In addition, standardized questionnaires of self-esteem, depression, psychopathology, social skills, and executive functioning will be completed and multiple regression and correlation analyses will be used to examine their relationships with social problem solving.