Mucosal Delivery Strategies for Cancer Vaccines

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目标是开发新型粘膜疫苗接种平台，以提高治疗性癌症疫苗的疗效。虽然最近的研究已经证明由癌症疫苗的标准皮下注射引起的有限的抗肿瘤应答，但是如果疫苗递送是位点特异性的和/或直接靶向患病组织，则抗肿瘤功效可以显著提高。许多癌症，例如肺癌、结肠直肠癌、宫颈癌和GI癌，在由共同粘膜免疫系统（CMIS）服务的组织中产生。 粘膜免疫应答的激活可导致针对此类癌症的更大效应子功能。此外，由于粘膜免疫赋予全身免疫，粘膜疫苗接种有可能达到所有癌症。粘膜疫苗接种平台的系统研究和开发可能会增强治疗性癌症疫苗的功效。在本研究中，将开发五种平台，通过口服、鼻内、阴道内、直肠内和肺内途径靶向粘膜淋巴组织。除了免疫疗法的显著益处之外，疫苗的定制粘膜施用将促进对粘膜免疫的更深入理解，粘膜免疫可能影响癌症的缓解以及其他感染或病理。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this research is to develop novel mucosal vaccination platforms to improve the efficacy of therapeutic cancer vaccines. While recent research has demonstrated limited antitumor responses resulting from standard subcutaneous injections of cancer vaccines, antitumor efficacy may be substantially improved if vaccine delivery is site-specific and/or targeted directly to diseased tissues. Numerous cancers, e.g. lung, colorectal, cervical and Gl cancers arise in tissues served by the common mucosal immune system (CMIS). Activation of a mucosal immune response may lead to a greater effector function against such cancers. Also, since mucosal immunity confers systemic immunity, mucosal vaccination has the potential to reach all cancers. A systematic study and development of mucosal vaccination platforms may enhance the efficacy of therapeutic cancer vaccines. In this study, five platforms will be developed to target mucosal lymphoid tissues via oral, intranasal, intravaginal, intrarectal and intrapulmonary routes. In addition to the salient benefits of immunotherapy, tailored mucosal administrations of vaccines will foster a greater understanding of mucosal immunity potentially impacting prophylaxes of cancers as well as other infections or pathologies.