Placing women's food work in a global pandemic: a critical comparative case study of Bristol and Stockholm

这个拟议的博士研究生项目分析了2019冠状病毒病对英国布里斯托和瑞典斯德哥尔摩城市女性物质和想象中的未来食物景观的影响。初步研究表明，特别是在英国，城市食品景观-即我们在城市商店中访问，制作和讨论食物的地方和空间-已经并将继续受到大流行的重大影响。由于在家中获取食物的复杂性日益增加，封锁期间准备食物的负担日益加重，以及由于失去严重依赖女性劳动力的食品服务就业机会而失去收入，妇女作为无偿的家庭食品照料者和志愿者、食品银行的“社区食品照料者”以及正规经济中的有偿食品工作者，受到了这一流行病的严重影响。然而，处于更边缘地位的妇女-例如有色人种妇女、低收入妇女、单亲妇女、移民妇女、寻求庇护者-在精神上受到疫情的影响最大，因为妇女在新冠肺炎疫情前面临的既有交叉社会不平等加剧。到目前为止，还没有研究试图了解新冠肺炎对无薪和有薪妇女的食物工作、她们的生活和生活机会--以及与其相关的她们的孩子和更广泛的家庭--以及她们所处的更广泛的正式和非正式城市食物景观的不平等影响。此外，到目前为止，还没有研究试图捕捉女性的“地理特征”，即新冠肺炎后更“有弹性”和/或“公正”的食物景观可能是什么样子，以及这些愿景如何为政府的食品政策和社区食品供应提供信息。这项拟议的研究将借鉴女性主义地理学、女性主义政治经济学和批判性食品地理学，研究i）新冠肺炎如何通过对布里斯托和斯德哥尔摩两个城市的批判性比较分析，影响和重塑这两个城市的有偿和无偿女性食品工作者的食品景观; ii）女性对这些影响和Covid改变的食物景观的体验如何受到阶级，种族，性别和移民身份;以及三）在这两种情况下，妇女认为哪些食物环境更具弹性，以及这些重新规划如何在城市粮食政策及其社区方面赋予妇女权力。将通过以下方式收集数据：i）对英国和瑞典应对新冠肺炎的食品、卫生、商业和灾害政策文件进行女权主义关键框架分析（CFA）; ii）通过在斯德哥尔摩和布里斯托的社会食品倡议和妇女社区支持团体中的志愿者工作进行参与观察; ㈢在这些倡议和团体中，对食品（再）分配网络中的妇女食品工作者和行为者进行定性访谈和重点小组;以及iv）参与式研讨会，旨在共同产生关于妇女对更具弹性和公正的城市食物景观的愿景的知识，并为城市食物政策提供信息。首先，这项研究将通过博士学位、学术和参与性成果以及面向公众的报告和政策文件，促进对受新冠肺炎影响的妇女无偿和有偿食品工作的地理影响和女权主义理解。其次，鉴于研究中采用了女权主义和参与性方法的透镜，本研究旨在支持在持续的新冠肺炎危机期间，对参与研究的女性参与者以及食品和贫困社区团体进行以行动为导向的赋权。第三，通过制作面向公众的产出、与政策相关的报告以及与地方和区域政策制定者的潜在接触，这项研究有望为未来制定更具弹性和公正的食物景观做出贡献。第四，这个资助的研究项目将使我能够追求我的目标，成为女权主义食品地理学领域的学术地理学家，并使我能够支持英国和瑞典受新冠肺炎影响的部分地区最脆弱妇女的食品工作。

This proposed PhD studentship analyses the impacts of Covid-19 on women's material and imagined future foodscapes in the cities of Bristol, UK and Stockholm, Sweden. Preliminary research suggests that, in the UK specifically, urban foodscapes-i.e. the places and spaces we access, make and discuss food in the urban landscape-have been and continue to be significantly impacted by the pandemic. Women, as unpaid, domestic food carers and volunteer, 'community food carers' at foodbanks-as well as paid food workers in the formal economy-have been disproportionally affected by the pandemic given the increasing complexities of accessing food at home, the expanding burden of food preparation during lockdown and the loss of income from the loss of food service employment that relies heavily on female labour. Yet, women of more marginal standing-e.g. women of colour, low-income, single parents, migrant status, asylum seekers-have been most detrimentally impacted by the pandemic through an exacerbation of pre-existing, intersectional social inequalities that women faced pre-Covid. No research to date has looked to understand the unequal past and ongoing impacts of Covid on unpaid and paid women's food work, their lives and life chances-and relatedly those of their children and wider families-and the wider formal and informal urban foodscapes they are embedded in. Moreover, no research to date has attempted to capture women's 'geographical imaginaries' of what a more 'resilient' and/or 'just' foodscape might look like post-Covid and how these visions might inform government food policy and community food provision. Drawing on feminist geography, feminist political economy and critical food geography, this proposed research will examine i) how Covid impacted and reshaped the foodscapes for paid and non-paid women food workers in Bristol and Stockholm through a critical comparative analysis of the two cities; ii) how women's experiences of these impacts and Covid-changed foodscapes were shaped by intersectional dimensions such class, race, gender and migrant status; and iii) what women in these two contexts imagine as more resilient foodscape and how these re-imaginings might empower women with respect to urban food policy and their communities. Data will be collected though i) a feminist critical frame analysis (CFA) of British and Swedish food, health, business and disaster policy documents in response to Covid; ii) participant observation through volunteer work in social food initiatives and women's community support groups in Stockholm and Bristol; iii) qualitative interviews and focus groups with woman food workers and actors within food (re)distribution networks in these initiatives and groups; and iv) participatory workshops designed to co-produce knowledge of women's visions for more resilient and just urban foodscapes as well as inform urban food policy.The proposed impacts of this research are four-fold. First, the research will contribute to geographically-inflected, feminist understandings of women's unpaid and paid food work as impacted by Covid through the production of a PhD, scholarly and participatory outputs and public-facing reports and policy documents. Second, given the lens of feminist and participatory approaches deployed in the study, this research looks to support the action-oriented empowerment of the women participants and food and poverty community groups involved in the study during the ongoing Covid crisis. Third, through the production of public-facing outputs, policy-related reports and potential engagements with local and regional policy makers, this research looks to contribute to the future formulation of more resilient and just foodscapes. Fourth, this funded research project will allow me to pursue my goal of becoming an academic geographer in the field of feminist food geographies and allow me to support the food-work of the most vulnerable women in parts of the UK and Sweden affected by Covid.