Attachment in orangutans in rehabilitation to human care givers, the factors effecting attachment formation and the consequent effects of this on huma

依恋关注的是人与人之间的纽带，这被认为是异人发展的关键。研究表明，人类婴儿的依恋和母性剥夺会影响他们晚年的行为。进一步的研究在恒河猴和黑猩猩身上发现了类似的效果，这突显了安全依恋在进化上的必要性。这项拟议的研究将考察康复中心中经历过依恋中断和母亲剥夺的幼猩猩对人类照顾者的依恋，评估影响依恋形成的因素。非人的、照顾者的敏感、婴儿的气质和个性被发现影响依恋的形成；而对于被照看的儿童，诸如进入照看系统的年龄、评估时的年龄、以前的剥夺程度、经历和虐待等因素被发现起到了作用。鉴于此，这些因素将在拟议的研究中进行检验。这项拟议的研究还将调查婴儿依恋对晚年行为的影响，特别是人类取向和与其他猩猩的社会关系。人类取向和猩猩之间的社会关系对恢复很重要，因为它们可以对关键生存技能的获得产生很大影响，因此研究依恋对这些因素的影响可能有助于进一步了解如何改善恢复，从而加强濒危物种的保护。

Attachment is concerned with the bonds between people, which is considered key to development inhumans. Research has shown attachment and maternal deprivation in human infants can affectbehaviour in later life. Further research has found similar effects in rhesus monkeys and chimpanzeeshighlighting the evolutionary need for secure attachment. The proposed study will examine attachmentto human caregivers in infant orangutans in a rehabilitation centre who have experienced attachmentdisruption and maternal deprivation, assessing factors that effect the formation of attachment. Inhuman's, caregiver sensitivity, infant temperament and personality have been found to effectattachment formation; while for children in care, factors such as age at entry to the care system, age atassessment, level of previous deprivation, experiences and maltreatment have been found to play a role.Given this, these factors will be examined in the proposed study. The proposed study will also investigatethe effects of infant attachment on behaviour in later life, specifically human orientation and socialrelationships with other orangutans. Human orientation and social relationships between orangutans areimportant to rehabilitation as they can have large effects on the acquisition of key survival skills,therefore investigating the effect of attachment on these factors may contribute to furthering knowledgeon how to improve rehabilitation and therefore enhance conservation in an endangered species.