LCPUFA Status and Birth Outcome in India

多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）在母婴营养中得到了广泛的研究， 发达国家，但在发展中国家的研究很少。我们之前进行了一项关于血浆磷脂（PL）PUFA与出生参数关系的初步初步研究，该研究提供了二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和α-亚麻酸（ALA）而不是花生四烯酸（ARA）状态与积极结局相关的证据。我们建议进行一项对照良好的小型、独立的随访观察性研究，探讨城市贫困人口中PUFA与出生结局之间的关系，其中低出生体重（LBW）和早产率非常普遍。我们的主要假设是，在城市中低收入家庭中，新生儿和/或母亲血浆磷脂长链多不饱和脂肪酸状态与出生体重和出生时胎龄相关 印度将采集新生儿血液进行PL脂肪酸分析，并将测量的浓度与人体测量参数和妊娠期长度进行比较。我们的次要假设是：饮食和社会经济变量预测新生儿血浆PL多不饱和脂肪酸状态。将使用先前针对该人群验证的食物频率问卷评估妊娠期间的饮食。社会经济地位也将得到评估。将脂肪酸结果与这些数据进行比较。我们还包括研究问题：特定血浆磷脂分子种类中的PUFA是否比总血浆PUFA更好地与生长相关？出于探索性目的，我们将根据美国实验室采用的基于质谱的脂质组学方法分析总血浆磷脂分子种类。例如，目的是探测特定分子种类的浓度（例如18：0（sn-1），22：6（sn-2）磷脂酰胆碱或18：0（sn-1），22：6（sn-2）磷脂酰乙醇胺）是否比血浆总PL 22：6浓度与阳性分娩结果更好地相关。总体计划利用了印度合作者在目标人群中进行母婴研究的经验和资源，以及美国合作者在脂质营养和脂质分析方面的经验，并为最先进的技术转让提供了一个平台。公共卫生的重要性在于明确确定LCPUFA营养状况是否与那些营养不足的孕妇的出生结果有关。积极的结果将证明在发达国家和发展中国家的孕妇饮食中包括LCPUFA的干预研究是合理的。

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are extensively studied in maternal and infant nutrition in the developed world, but studies in the developing world are scarce. We previously conducted an initial pilot study on the relationship of plasma phospholipid (PL) PUFA and birth parameters, which provided evidence that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) but not arachidonic acid (ARA) status were related to positive outcomes. We propose to conduct a well-controlled small, self-contained follow-up observational study of the relationship between PUFA and birth outcomes in a population of urban poor in which low birth weight (LBW) and prematurity rates are highly prevalent. Our primary hypothesis is Newborn and/or maternal plasma phospholipid long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status are associated with birthweight and gestational age at birth in a population of low and middle income families in urban India. Newborn blood will be collected for PL fatty acid analysis and measured concentrations will be compared to anthropometric parameters and gestational length. Our secondary hypothesis is: Dietary and socioeconomic variables predict neonatal plasma PL polyunsaturated fatty acid status. Diet during pregnancy will be assessed with a food frequency questionnaires validated previously for this population. Socioeconomic status will be assessed as well. Fatty acid outcomes will be compared with these data. We also include the research question: Are the PUFA in specific plasma phospholipid molecular species better associated with growth than total plasma PUFA? We will analyze total plasma phospholipid molecular species according to mass spectrometry-based lipidomic methods in place in the US laboratory for exploratory purposes. The purpose is to probe, for instance, whether the concentration of specific molecular species (e.g. 18:0(sn-1),22:6(sn-2)phosphatidyl choline or 18:0(sn-1),22:6(sn-2) phosphatidylethanolamine) is better correlated to positive birth outcomes than plasma total PL 22:6 concentrations. The overall plan capitalizes on strengths of the Indian collaborator's experience and resources for maternal and infant research in the target population, and the US collaborator's experience in lipid nutrition and in lipid analysis, and provides a platform for state-of-the-art technology transfer. The public health importance is to clearly establish whether LCPUFA nutriture is related to birth outcomes in pregnancies of those who are marginally nourished. Positive results would justify an intervention studies to include LCPUFA in the diets of pregnant women in developed and developing countries.