Mammo & Cardiac SPECT w/Rotating Slant Hole Collimator

描述(由申请人提供)： 这是一项竞争性续签拨款申请的重新提交，该申请的目标是开发一种使用旋转多段斜孔(RMSSH)准直器的独特3D SPECT成像技术。这项创新技术的主要优势是，与平行孔SPECT相比，在相同的空间分辨率下，它能够在成像乳房和心脏等小器官时大幅提高检测效率。(对于4段斜孔准直器，其增益是相同分辨率的标准平行孔准直器的-3倍。)此外，该技术还允许对相机在有限角度范围内旋转时采集的RMSSH投影数据进行全3D图像重建。该采集策略特别适用于NM诊所、急诊室和重症监护病房的重症患者的乳房和心脏成像。在过去三年中，我们(1)设计、建造和评估了用于乳房3D成像的RMSSH准直器，(2)开发和评估了使用RMSSH准直器获取的投影数据的新的3D解析和迭代重建算法，(3)开发了允许我们设计和评估RMSSH SPECT的仪器、数据采集策略和图像重建方法的蒙特卡罗模拟软件包，以及(4)进行了实验性体模研究，为RMSSH SPECT用于乳房和心脏的临床成像提供了初步评估。在这一新的应用中，我们建议继续发展RMSSH在乳房成像中的理论、模拟和实验到临床研究。此外，我们建议将RMSSH SPECT的应用扩展到NM诊所、急诊室和重症监护病房的重症患者的心脏成像。这项竞争性续订申请有6个具体目标。它们是：(1)为乳腺和心脏SPECT设计优化的MSSH和MSVSH准直器；(2)开发RMSSH和RMSVSH SPECT的三维图像重建方法，包括衰减校正、准直器-探测器模糊和散射校正；(3)利用体模研究评估两种乳腺和心脏RMSSH SPECT成像技术的数据采集策略和图像重建方法；(4)使用Hotling和人类观察者在模拟数据上评估两种RMSSH SPECT成像技术的应用；(5)评估这两种RMSSH SPECT技术在临床乳腺成像中的应用评价两种RMSSH SPECT技术在临床心脏SPECT显像中的应用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a resubmission of a competitive renewal grant application whose goal is to develop a unique 3D SPECT imaging technique using rotating multi-segment slant-hole (RMSSH) collimators. The major advantage for the innovative technique is its ability to provide substantial increase in detection efficiency for the same spatial resolution as compared to parallel-hole SPECT in imaging small organs such as breasts and heart. (For a 4- segment slant-hole collimator, the gain is -3 times higher than that of a standard parallel-hole collimator with the same resolution.) In addition, the technique allows fully 3D image reconstruction of RMSSH projection data acquired with the camera rotating over a limited angular range. The acquisition strategy is particularly suitable for imaging the breast and heart of very sick patients in NM clinics, emergency room and intensive care units. During the last 3 years, we have (1) designed, constructed and evaluated a RMSSH collimator for 3D imaging of the breast, (2) developed and evaluated new 3D analytical and iterative reconstruction algorithms for projection data acquired using a RMSSH collimator, (3) developed a Monte Carlo simulation software package that allows us to design and evaluate the instrumentation, data acquisition strategies and image reconstruction methods for RMSSH SPECT, and (4) performed experimental phantom studies that provide preliminary evaluation of RMSSH SPECT for clinical imaging of the breast and heart. In this renewal application, we propose to continue the development of RMSSH in breast imaging from theoretical, simulation and experimental to clinical studies. In addition, we propose extend the application of RMSSH SPECT to cardiac imaging of very sick patients in NM clinics, emergency room and intensive care units. This competitive renewal application has 6 specific aims. They are: (1) to design optimized MSSH and MSVSH collimators for breast and cardiac SPECT, (2) to develop 3D image reconstruction methods for RMSSH and RMSVSH SPECT that include correction for attenuation, collimator-detector blur and scatter, (3) to evaluate data acquisition strategies and image reconstruction methods for the two RMSSH SPECT imaging techniques of the breast and heart using phantom studies, (4) to evaluate the applications of the two RMSSH SPECT imaging techniques for the breast and heart using Hotelling and human observers on simulated data, (5) to evaluate the application of the two RMSSH SPECT techniques to clinical breast imaging, and (6) to evaluate the application of the two RMSSH SPECT techniques to clinical cardiac SPECT imaging.