Molecular Change and Thyroid Cancer Risk After Chernobyl

描述(申请人提供)：这项研究将调查1986年4月26日切尔诺贝利核电站事故中暴露在辐射中的俄罗斯联邦布赖恩斯克地区居民中甲状腺癌的发生和分子特征。这项研究有三个主要目的：1)根据基因变化的特定分子标记物确定甲状腺癌病例的特征，并调查这些标记物的存在是否与切尔诺贝利事故对甲状腺的个人辐射剂量有关；2)调查所研究的分子标记物阳性和阴性的癌症之间甲状腺癌暴露时年龄相关的辐射剂量反应是否不同；以及3)调查这些分子标记物的存在是否与临床结果有关。2001年4月1日至2006年3月31日期间确诊的甲状腺癌病例将由一个甲状腺病理学家专家小组确定并确认诊断。对照组的人数与甲状腺癌病例相同，将从布赖恩斯克奥布拉斯特的居民中选择，没有甲状腺癌的居民，按性别、年龄、定居类型和爪子与病例逐一匹配。对于所有病例和对照，将收集以下信息：1)人口和健康史；2)居住和饮食史的详细情况；3)适当的身体样本，以帮助剂量重建；以及4)血液样本。将对每个病例和对照的甲状腺个人辐射剂量进行估计。将为每个病例获取石蜡包埋组织或新鲜冰冻组织，以评估酪氨酸激酶生长因子和酪氨酸激酶受体的表达，以评估每个标志物的存在与个别甲状腺辐射剂量之间的关系。临床病史和结果数据将从医疗记录中收集，以调查不良临床结果(例如复发)与个人甲状腺辐射剂量、患者特征和遗传变化的分子标记之间的关系。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study will investigate the occurrence and molecular characteristics of thyroid cancer in residents of the Bryansk Oblast of the Russian Federation who were up to 50 years of age at the time of exposure to radiation from the Chernobyl Power Station accident on April 26, 1986. The study has three primary purposes: 1) to characterize cases of thyroid cancer according to specific molecular markers of genetic change, and to investigate whether the presence of such markers is associated with individual thyroid radiation dose to the thyroid from the Chernobyl accident; 2) to investigate whether age-at-exposure dependent radiation dose response for thyroid cancer differs between cancers that are positive versus negative for the molecular markers investigated; and 3) to investigate whether the presence of these same molecular markers is associated with clinical outcome. Thyroid cancer cases diagnosed between April 1, 2001 and March 31, 2006 will be identified and the diagnosis confirmed by a panel of expert thyroid pathologists. Controls, equal in number to the cases of thyroid cancer, will be selected among residents in the Bryansk Oblast, without thyroid cancer, individually matched to cases by sex, age, type of settlement and talon. For all cases and controls, the following information will be collected: 1) demographic and health history; 2) details of residential and dietary history; 3) appropriate physical samples to aid dose reconstruction; and 4) a blood sample. Individual radiation dose to the thyroid will be estimated for each case and control. Paraffin embedded tissue or fresh frozen tissue will be obtained for each case to assess tyrosine kinase growth factor and tyrosine kinase receptor expression for purposes of estimating the association between the presence of each of the markers and individual thyroid radiation dose. Clinical history and outcome data will be collected from medical records for investigation of the association between adverse clinical outcome (e.g. recurrence) and individual thyroid radiation dose, patient characteristics, and molecular markers of genetic change.