A Novel Load Sensing Tibial Prosthesis Design

描述（由申请人提供）：准确的体内胫骨股骨力测量在全膝关节置换术中很重要，因为这决定了聚乙烯应力和冷流、植入物中的应力分布以及向植入物骨界面的应力传递。胫股力的理论估计根据所使用的数学模型而有很大的不同。六自由度的运动、复杂的关节表面形貌、关节接触位置的变化、关节内和关节外韧带、穿过膝关节的肌肉数量以及髌股关节的存在，都给建立可靠的膝关节模型带来了困难。这项发展研究的目的是设计、制造和测试一种仪器化的全膝关节置换术胫骨假体，该假体可以准确测量全膝关节置换术后体内胫骨力的所有六个组成部分。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Accurate in vivo measurement of tibiofemoral force is important in total knee arthroplasty as this determines polyethylene stresses and cold flow, stress distribution in the implant, and stress transfer to the underlying implant bone interface. Theoretic estimates of tibiofemoral forces have varied widely depending on the mathematical models used. The six-degree of freedom of motion, complex articular surface topography, changing joint contact position, intra- and extra-articular ligaments, number of muscles crossing the knee joint and the presence of the patellofemoral joint contribute to the difficulty in developing reliable models of the knee. The purpose of this developmental research grant is to design, manufacture and test an instrumented total knee replacement tibial prosthesis that accurately measures all six components of tibial forces in vivo after total knee arthroplasty. These will be accomplished under the following Specific Aims. Aim 1) Design and develop a prototype total knee arthroplasty tibial component instrumented with strain gauges and a telemetry system. Aim 2) In vitro cadaver testing to demonstrate accuracy, feasibility, and integrity of telemetry link. Aim 3) Trial intraoperative implantation. This device can be used to validate existing models of the knee that estimate these forces or to develop more accurate models. In conjunction with kinematic data, accurate tibiofemoral force data may be used to design more effective knee testing rigs and wear simulators. Additional uses are intraoperative measurement of forces to determine soft tissue balancing, evaluation of the effects of rehabilitation, external bracing, and athletic activities, and activities of daily living.