African American Men Prostate & Colorectal Cancer Belief

描述（由申请人提供）：非裔美国男性在晚期出现癌症，并且与白色男性相比具有更高的癌症相关死亡率，特别是由于前列腺癌和结肠直肠癌。这些人的癌症筛查率也很低。一些项目试图提高非裔美国人的癌症筛查率，但他们的筛查率仍然很低。目前还没有系统的文献记录少数民族男性对前列腺癌和结肠直肠癌或癌症筛查的信念。需要这些信息来改善这些男性中癌症的早期发现。这项研究将通过以下方式描述非洲裔美国人提高前列腺癌和结直肠癌筛查率和早期癌症检测所需的信念和知识：（1）记录非裔美国人对前列腺癌和结肠直肠癌的知识、信念和行为，以及（2）确定非裔美国人和白色男性之间对前列腺癌和结肠直肠癌筛查的态度和行为差异是否相关社会阶层的差异，医疗保健的差异，或文化的差异。一个整合了疾病和健康自我管理解释模型概念的模型将构成这项调查。本研究将采用定性设计，其中一系列的3个人进行了深入的访谈，有代表性的样本40名非洲裔美国人和40名白色男子居住在农村和城市社区。我们将使用系统的方法来分析文本数据，以确保可靠和有效的结果。这项研究的结果将为R01申请提供基础，该申请将于2007年10月提交。该申请将提出一项干预研究，目标是增加非洲裔美国男性的前列腺癌和结直肠癌筛查。当前项目的结果将通过提供对最合适的干预目标（例如，男性对癌症风险的了解与癌症筛查的可及性），干预的方式（例如，如果目标是癌症相关知识，则是非专业健康顾问，而不是媒体宣传），并确保使用文化上知情的适当材料进行干预。作为本项目的一部分，将制定和评估R01应用干预策略的初步框架。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): African American men present with cancer at a later stage and have higher cancer related mortality than white men, especially due to prostate and colorectal cancer. These men also have low rates of cancer screening. Several programs have attempted to increase cancer screening rates among African American, but their screening rates remain low. There has not been systematic documentation of minority men's beliefs about prostate and colorectal cancer or cancer screening. This information is needed to improve early detection of cancer among these men. This study will delineate the beliefs and knowledge of African American needed to improve prostate and colorectal cancer screening rates and early cancer detection by: (1) documenting the knowledge, beliefs and behavior of African American men about prostate and colorectal cancer and screening, and (2) determining if differences in attitudes and behaviors about prostate and colorectal cancer screening between African American and white men are related to social class differences, health care access differences, or cultural differences. A model integrating concepts from Explanatory Models of Illness and Health Self-Management will structure this investigation. This research will use a qualitative design in which a series of 3 individual in-depth interviews are conduced with a representative sample of 40 African American and 40 white men residing in rural and urban communities. We will use a systematic approach to analyze the textual data to ensure reliable and valid results. The results of this study will provide the foundation for an R01 application that will be submitted for the October, 2007, deadline. That application will propose an intervention study with the goal of increasing prostate and colorectal cancer screening among African American men. Results from the current project will inform the intervention study by providing insight into the most appropriate target for intervention (e.g., men's knowledge of cancer risk versus access to cancer screening), the modality of intervention (e.g., lay health advisors versus media campaigns if cancer-related knowledge is the target), and for assuring the intervention uses culturally informed and appropriate materials. A preliminary framework of the intervention strategy for this R01 application will be developed and evaluated as part of this project.