The Effect of Pesticide Exposure on Cognitive and Brain Development in Latino Children: PACE5 Administrative Supplement 2

人们越来越担心常用的杀虫剂对儿童有害。孩子们很快 经历认知，感觉和运动发育，正常成熟的破坏可以终身 后果现存的文献强烈表明，产前暴露于农药会导致异常 神经行为发育最近的一项脑成像研究进一步表明，产前农药暴露是 与大脑解剖发育中断有关。然而，有关后果的结果 出生后接触杀虫剂的证据就不那么确凿了。一些研究报告说， 但正如许多研究所报告的那样，没有负面影响。 目前还没有研究评估产后农药暴露对大脑发育的影响 使用解剖学或功能性脑成像。关于出生后接触对健康影响的结论性研究 神经发育需要高度暴露的人群，纵向设计和仔细的量化， 暴露和结果。我们提出了一个两组，前瞻性，纵向研究的拉丁美洲儿童7年， 使用被动剂量测定腕带每季度测量一次农药累积暴露量 通过生活史技术记录产前和生命早期的接触情况。拉丁裔儿童 季节性农场工人家庭将与不参加农场工作的拉丁美洲家庭的儿童进行比较 而不是生活在农业环境中。拉丁裔农场工人家庭的儿童风险特别高 暴露。他们不仅经常在质量低劣的住房中使用杀虫剂，而且还接触到 父母/兄弟姐妹农场工人衣服上带回家的附近田地使用的农药。儿童 将随访2年，测量基线、1年和2年时的神经行为功能。 将在具有结构和功能脑组织的参与者子集中进行神经成像 在基线和两年后进行评估。该项目的具体目标是：目标1：比较2年 拉丁美洲季节性农场工人的子女之间的纵向和产前/生命早期农药暴露， 父母不是农场工人的拉丁裔孩子。目的2：比较2年纵向神经行为和 拉丁美洲季节性农场工人的孩子相对于拉丁美洲季节性农场工人的孩子的情绪和行为功能 不是农场工人的拉丁裔父母。目的3：比较2年纵向解剖和功能脑 拉丁美洲季节性农场工人的子女和拉丁美洲父母的子女之间的发展 农场工人我们近二十年的环境正义（EJ）和社区参与 关于农业工人及其家庭接触农药的研究（CBPR）提供了一个有利的背景， 让这一弱势群体参与对科学和环境正义重要性的研究。

Concern is mounting that commonly used pesticides are detrimental to children. Children are rapidly undergoing cognitive, sensory, and motor development, and disruption of normal maturation can have life-long consequences. The extant literature strongly indicates that prenatal exposure to pesticides leads to abnormal neurobehavioral development. A recent brain imaging study further showed that prenatal pesticide exposure is associated with disrupted anatomical brain development. However, results concerning the consequences of postnatal pesticide exposure are much less conclusive. Some studies have reported neurobehavioral deficits following postnatal pesticide exposure, but just as many studies have reported no negative consequences. Currently there are no studies that assess the effects of postnatal pesticide exposure on brain development using anatomical or functional brain imaging. More conclusive research on the effects of postnatal exposure on neurodevelopment requires a highly exposed population, a longitudinal design, and careful quantification of exposure and outcomes. We propose a two-group, prospective, longitudinal study of Latino children 7 years of age with quarterly measurement of cumulative pesticide exposure using passive dosimetry wristbands as well as documentation of prenatal and early life exposure through life history techniques. Children from Latino seasonal farmworker families will be compared with children from Latino families not participating in farm work and not living in an agricultural environment. Children in Latino farmworker families are at particularly high risk of exposure. Not only are pesticides frequently used in their low quality housing, but they are also exposed to agricultural pesticides used in nearby fields brought home by parental/sibling farmworkers on clothing. Children will be followed for 2 years with measurement of neurobehavioral function at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years. Neuroimaging will be performed in a subset of participants with structural and functional brain organization assessed at baseline and two years later. Specific aims for this project are: Aim 1: Compare 2-year longitudinal and prenatal/early life pesticide exposure between children of Latino seasonal farmworkers and children of Latino parents who are not farmworkers. Aim 2: Compare 2-year longitudinal neurobehavioral and emotional and behavioral functioning among children of Latino seasonal farmworkers relative to children of Latino parents who are not farmworkers. Aim 3: Compare 2-year longitudinal anatomical and functional brain development between children of Latino seasonal farmworkers and children of Latino parents who are not farmworkers. Our nearly two decades of environmental justice (EJ) and community-based participatory research (CBPR) on pesticide exposure with farmworkers and their families provides an auspicious context to engage this vulnerable population in a study of both scientific and environmental justice importance.