Concepts and Measures of Race and Ethnic Identities

许多国家政策和法律，如减少健康差距和民权执法，都依赖于 按种族和族裔衡量人口。然而，越来越多的人怀疑， 美国社会统计中种族和民族数据的可靠性和准确性。拟议的研究将 解决影响种族概念化和衡量的一些主要基本问题 美国2000年人口普查、全国纵向调查和种族认同的数据 青少年健康（添加健康）和高中后的调查在华盛顿州。具体 该研究项目的目的是：（1）发展一种单一和多种族身份的类型学， 系统地比较了不同的调查问题，行政记录， 种族/民族分类，（2）探索对不同调查问题的反应模式的变化， 种族和族裔身份，包括分析哪些人改变了自己的身份， 不同的问题，（3）估计个人种族/民族认同的基线模型，作为 父母的血统和外观（基于照片），并调查如何参数，这 模型因家庭背景特征（出生地，家庭语言，社会经济地位）而异，（4）测试 背景、互惠和同伴身份如何影响个体种族选择的假设，（5）估计 在历史时期和早期生命过程中，种族和族裔身份的一致性和变化模式， (6)估计种族/民族边界的不同定义的影响（例如，单一身份与多重身份） 在教育愿望和成就方面的种族和民族差异，以及（7）发展理论图式 世纪初影响种族和族裔特性的基本原则 States.

Many national policies and laws, such as reducing health disparities and civil rights enforcement, rely on the measurement of the population by race and ethnicity. There are, however, growing doubts about the reliability and accuracy of race and ethnic data in American social statistics. The proposed research will address some of the major underlying issues that influence the conceptualization and measurement of race and ethnic identities in the United States with data from the 2000 Census, the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (Add Health) and the Beyond High School Survey in Washington State. The specific aims of this research project are to: (1) develop a typology of single and multiracial identities that can be systematically compared across different survey questions, administrative records, and perceived race/ethnic classifications, (2) explore variations in the patterns of response to different survey questions on race and ethnic identities, including an analysis of which persons change their identities in response to different questions, (3) estimate a baseline model of individual race/ethnic identity(ies) as a function of parental ancestry and appearance (based on photographs) and to investigate how the parameters of this model vary by family background characteristics (birthplace, home language, socioeconomic status), (4) test hypotheses of how context, reciprocity, and peer identities influence individual ethnic choices, (5) estimate patterns of consistency and change in race and ethnic identities over historical time and the early life course, (6) estimate the impact of different definitions of race/ethnic boundaries (e.g., single vs. multiple identities) on race and ethnic disparities in educational aspirations and attainment, and (7) develop a theoretical schema of the underlying principles that influence race and ethnic identities in early twenty-first century United States.