Upgrade of X-Ray Diffractometers

描述(由申请人提供)：申请资金，以便升级耶鲁大学文理学院研究人员用于大分子结晶学的两台X射线衍射仪。升级包括两个部分：(1)更换Rigaku RU300旋转阳极发电机，该发电机目前向R-Axis IV和Mar 345衍射仪提供X射线，以及(2)更换相关的X射线光学元件。 所讨论的RU300发电机是1986年购买的，由于老化，它越来越容易发生故障，即使在正常运行时，它产生的X射线束也不能很好地与现在研究的结晶学问题相匹配，这些问题涉及的晶体比1980年代购买RU300时通常研究的晶体更小，而且许多这些晶体的单位晶胞尺寸很大，这使得数据收集更加具有挑战性。计划用Rigaku MicroMax-007旋转阳极发电机取代这台发电机。这种发生器不仅应该比RU300更可靠，因为它是较新的，而且因为它是一个微聚焦发生器，在其他条件相同的情况下，它更小、更明亮的光束也应该能够使研究人员能够比现在更快、更准确地收集几乎所有他们正在研究的晶体的衍射数据。 Rigaku建议，为了充分利用MicroMax-007发电机，目前安装在RU300发电机上的Osmic单色仪将不得不更换为VariMax光学元件。请拨经费购买两个这样的光学系统，以便目前安装在RU300发电机上的两个区域探测器都可以安装在新的发电机上。 预计这次升级将大大提高耶鲁大学确定结构的速度。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Funds are requested so that two of the X-ray diffractometers used for macromolecular crystallography by investigators in the Yale Faculty of Arts and Sciences can be upgraded. The upgrade has two components: (1) replacement of a Rigaku RU300 rotating anode generator that currently supplies X-rays to both an R-Axis IV and a MAR 345 diffractometer, and (2) replacement of the associated X-ray optics. The RU300 generator in question, which was purchased in 1986, is increasingly prone to failure due to age, and even when operating properly, the X-ray beams it produces are not well matched to the crystallographic problems now being pursued, which involve smaller crystals than those usually studied in the 1980s, when the RU300 was purchased, and many of these crystals have large unit cell dimensions, which makes data collection even more challenging. The plan is to replace this generator with a Rigaku MicroMax-007 rotating anode generator. Not only should this generator be more reliable than the RU300 because it is newer, but because it is a microfocus generator, everything else being equal, its smaller, brighter beam should also enable investigators to collect diffraction data from almost all the crystals they are now studying much faster and more accurately than is now possible. In order to take full advantage of this MicroMax-007 generator the Osmic monochromators now mounted on the RU300 generator, which were built for generators that produce large beams, will have to be replaced with the VariMax optical components Rigaku recommends. Funds are requested for two such optical systems, so that both of the area detectors currently installed on the RU300 generator can be mounted on the new generator. It is anticipated that this upgrade will significantly increase the rate at which structures are determined at Yale.