The cognitive neuroscience of body knowledge

描述（由申请人提供）：运动控制系统的目标是将效应器引导到目标，该任务要求系统管理动作目标，运动命令和感觉反馈之间的关系。这是一个复杂的过程，人们对其了解甚少。基于最近对运动控制的研究以及我们迄今为止的工作，我们提出了一系列对神经功能障碍患者的调查，这些调查将测试关于动作和心理运动图像中感觉和运动信息相互作用的特定假设。为了促进我们对动作起源中运动计划和反馈之间关系的理解的总体目标，我们提出以下建议：(1)执行一系列由运动控制帐户驱动的调查，该帐户包含运动计划的内部模型和多种反馈机制。(2)通过对脑局灶性病变的研究，探讨运动控制和反馈系统组成的解剖学基础。(3)通过研究继发于周围神经系统病变的“传入信号缺失”患者，探讨感觉信息在运动控制中的作用以及神经系统对这种信息缺失的适应机制。本研究具有理论和临床意义。从理论的角度来看，这些研究应该为身体表征和运动控制系统的认知结构及其潜在的解剖学基础提供重要的见解。由于对局灶性病变患者的运动控制系统的系统探索很少，这些数据将补充和扩展其他研究领域的结果。这项工作的潜在临床意义也很清楚。运动障碍是神经损伤的常见致残后果。了解运动控制和身体图式的大脑基础可能会对针对这些表征的干预措施的发展做出重大贡献。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of motor control systems is to direct an effecter to a target, a task that requires the system to manage the relationships between the goal of the action, motor commands and sensory feedback. This is a complex process that remains poorly understood. Based on recent accounts of motor control as well as our work to date, we propose a series of investigations in patients with neurologic dysfunction that will test specific hypotheses regarding the interaction of sensory and motor information in action and mental motor imagery. In service of the general goal of advancing our understanding of the relationship between motor plans and feedback in the genesis of action we propose the following: (1) To perform a series of investigations motivated by an account of motor control that incorporates internal models for motor planning and multiple mechanisms for feedback. (2) To investigate the anatomic bases of the components of the motor control and feedback systems by studying subjects with well-delineated focal brain lesions. (3) To investigate the role of sensory information in motor control and the mechanism by which the nervous system adapts to the loss of this information by studying patients with "deafferentation" secondary to peripheral nervous system lesions. The proposed investigations have both theoretical and clinical significance. From a theoretical standpoint, these studies should offer important insights into the cognitive architecture of body representations and motor control systems and their underlying anatomic bases. As there has been little systematic exploration of the motor control system in patients with focal lesions, these data will complement and extend results from other research domains. The potential clinical significance of this work is also clear. Motor deficits are a common and often disabling consequence of neural injury. Understanding the cerebral basis of motor control and the body schema is likely to contribute substantially to the development of interventions that target these representations.