Genomic and Epigenomic Profiling by MSNP

描述(申请人提供)：DNA甲基化改变是癌细胞的一个标志，表观遗传异常，包括DNA甲基化的得失，也是其他医学疾病的基础。这种表观遗传异常被认为与基因变化(如染色体丢失和获得)在癌症的发生和发展中起到了协同作用。在这个技术开发项目中，我们将开发并广泛验证一种经济高效、高分辨率和高通量的方法，用于同时表征人类癌症全基因组DNA甲基化的遗传异常和变化。我们期望这种方法，我们缩写为MSNP(甲基化敏感SNP阵列分析)，将有助于回答基本问题，如DNA序列与其甲基化模式之间的关系(遗传/表观遗传相互作用和等位基因特异性DNA甲基化)以及DNA甲基化与基因表达的关系，以及实现重要的医学目标，包括识别受DNA甲基化调控的肿瘤抑制基因和原癌基因，以及寻找新的、强大的癌症诊断和检测标记。DNA甲基化改变是癌细胞的一个标志，DNA甲基化的得失也是其他医学疾病的基础。该项目旨在优化和验证一种名为MSNP的新方法，该方法用于在正常和癌症人类组织中以高分辨率检测和绘制整个人类基因组的DNA甲基化。来自MSNP的数据有望阐明癌症的发病机制，并为癌症诊断和检测产生新的、强大的标志物。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Altered DNA methylation is a hallmark of cancer cells, and epigenetic aberrations including gains and losses of DNA methylation also underlie other medical disorders. Such epigenetic aberrations are thought to act in concert with genetic changes, such as chromosome losses and gains, in cancer initiation and progression. In this technology development project we will develop and extensively validate a cost-effective, high-resolution and high-throughput method for simultaneously characterizing genetic aberrations and alterations in DNA methylation genome wide in human cancers. We expect that this method, which we abbreviate MSNP (Methylation-sensitive SNP array analysis), will be useful both for answering fundamental questions such as the relationship between the DNA sequence and its pattern of methylation (genetic/epigenetic interactions and allele-specific DNA methylation) and the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression, and for achieving important medical objectives including identifying tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes regulated by DNA methylation and finding new and robust markers for cancer diagnosis and detection. Altered DNA methylation is a hallmark of cancer cells, and gains and losses of DNA methylation also underlie other medical disorders. This project is designed to optimize and validate a new method, called MSNP, for detecting and mapping DNA methylation at high resolution across the entire human genome in both normal and cancerous human tissues. Data from MSNP are expected to shed light on cancer pathogenesis and produce new and robust markers for cancer diagnosis and detection.