Examining Professional Competency

描述(由申请人提供)：最近的一系列报告呼吁开发新的卫生保健能力。但是，一个人如何评估能力，更根本的是，“能力”意味着什么？医学院和执照机构每天都面临着使用一套随时间演变的做法和技术来评估和认证专业能力的任务。能力项目旨在促进对这种专业能力评估的认知和互动组成部分的基础性调查。我们感兴趣的是拆开在医学教育和执照中广泛使用的相应实践考试中实际衡量的内容。对于我们所说的临床能力的含义变得更加清晰，可能会导致改进专业培训及其评估的建议。受试者，医学生和住院医生，作为付费志愿者，将被要求采访和检查一名标准化患者(SP)，该患者将接受培训，介绍从精神病学实践中提取的病例。之后，他们将在计算机站制作一份Soap(主观和客观发现、评估和计划)笔记，并将参加汇报面试。我们将通过将基于绩效的评估的标准评估方法应用于从受试者与标准化患者的接触中收集的数据来建立分级实践的样本集合。在R03提案的范围内，我们寻求资金以实现以下具体目标：1)通过(A)开发精神病学新病例，(B)培训标准化患者(SP)，以及(C)运行一组对象和2)评估用于研究该试点数据的几个有前景的分析框架，来扩大我们现有的分级专业实践集合。将评估三个具体的框架：侧重于推理模式的分析(认知协议分析)，侧重于谈话的顺序组织的分析(交互分析)，以及在注重知识结构的同时融合认知和互动研究的分析(认知话语分析)。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A series of recent reports call for the development of new competencies for health care. But how does one assess competency and, even more fundamentally, what does it mean to be 'competent'? Medical schools and licensing agencies are confronted daily with the task of evaluating and certifying professional competence using a set of practices and technologies that have evolved over time. The Competency Project seeks to foster foundational inquiry into the components, cognitive and interactional, underlying such assessments of professional competence. Our interest is in unpacking what is actually measured in consequential practical exams widely used in medical education and licensure. Becoming more articulate about what we mean by clinical competence may lead to suggestions for improving both professional training and its assessment. Subjects, medical students and residents participating as paid volunteers, will be asked to interview and examine a standardized patient (SP) who will be trained to present a case taken from psychiatric practice. Afterwards, they will construct a SOAP (Subjective and Objective findings, Assessment, and Plan) note at a computer station and will participate in a debriefing interview. We will build a collection of samples of graded practice by applying standard methods of assessment for performance-based assessment to the data gathered from the subjects' encounters with the standardized patient. Under the scope of this R03 proposal we seek funding to achieve the following specific aims: 1) To expand our existing collection of graded professional practice by (a) developing a new case in psychiatry, (b) training a standardized patient (SP), and (c) running a set of subjects and 2) to evaluate several promising analytic frameworks for studying this pilot data. Three specific frameworks will be evaluated: an analysis focusing on reasoning patterns (Cognitive Protocol Analysis), an analysis focusing on the sequential organization of the talk (Interactional Analysis), and an analysis that blends the study of cognition and interaction while focusing on knowledge structures (Cognitive Discourse Analysis).