RECORDING IN ALERT ANIMALS

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。我们在拟议项目的具体目标1和4方面取得了进展：将MT细胞对全局刺激的反应与基于细胞属性的预测进行比较？S平均输入。我们做了这些实验，发现我们可以预测MT细胞对快速和中速刺激的反应，但不能预测慢速刺激。这表明低速时存在非线性或整流抑制。这种抑制在相互作用图中明显表现为延迟的非方向性抑制。这本书已经写好并提交出版了。我们还开始研究MT细胞中速度调节的对比度依赖关系，并意识到作为对比度函数的反应的时间进程可能解释了北冈明吉发现的强大的运动错觉。我们确实在V1和MT中发现了对静态杆的反应与运动错觉之间的关联。这项研究最近发表在《神经科学杂志》上。探索末端停止在提取正确的全局运动方向中的作用：沿延伸轮廓的运动方向是局部模糊的，因此关于对象的真实运动方向的最准确信息是在其角落或末端。我们提出的问题是，MT细胞提取物体运动的真实方向的能力是与其局部运动检测器中的末端停止相关，还是与加权末端停止和非末端停止输入的相对贡献的更复杂的计算相关。我们开始了这些实验，发现末端停止似乎确实与分辨正确运动方向的能力有关。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. We have made progress on Specific Aims 1 and 4 of the proposed project: Compare responses of MT cells to global stimuli with predictions based on the properties of the cell¿s average input. We did these experiments and found that we could predict responses of MT cells to fast and moderate speed stimuli, but not the slow stimuli. This indicates a non-linear or rectified suppression at slow speeds. This suppression is apparent as a delayed non-directional suppression in the interaction maps. This work has been written up and submitted for publication. We also began looking at the contrast dependence of speed tuning in MT cells, and realized that the time-course of the response as a function of contrast might explain the powerful motion illusion discovered by Akiyoshi Kitaoka. We did find in both V1 and MT a correlation between responses to static pair of bars and the motion illusion. This work was recently published in J. Neurosci. Explore the role of end-stopping in extracting the correct direction of global motion: Motion direction along extended contours is locally ambiguous, so the most accurate information about an object¿s true direction of motion is at its corners or ends. We propose to ask whether MT cells¿ ability to extract the true direction of object motion is correlated with end-stopping in its local-motion detectors or to a more complicated calculation that weights the relative contributions of end-stopped and non-end-stopped inputs. We began these experiments and found that end stopping does appear to be correlated with the ability to resolve the correct direction of motion.