ACUTE EFFECTS OF SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE ON MOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心机构，不一定为研究者机构。儿童肥胖症已达到流行病的比例，特别是在少数民族中1，2，使儿童处于一系列疾病的高风险和终身风险，包括心血管疾病3，4和2型糖尿病5。根据最近的一项研究，2000年出生的西班牙裔/拉丁裔女孩患糖尿病的估计终生风险最高（53%），主要是由于这一群体中与生活方式相关的儿童肥胖症的流行。因此，为了预防拉丁裔女孩的肥胖和相关疾病，在整个童年和青春期促进体育活动和健康饮食至关重要。然而，在青春期，身体活动水平直线下降，特别是在女孩中，尤其是西班牙裔/拉丁裔女孩。此外，大多数学校的典型食物摄入量（包括食物供应）可能会增加肥胖风险，因为它们提供了一系列有吸引力的、负担得起的零食和饮料，这些零食和饮料通常含有大量简单碳水化合物。越来越多的证据表明，简单碳水化合物含量高的饮食可能对儿童肥胖有另一种间接影响，因为这些食物对情绪和能量感有严重的负面影响。消极情绪和低能量感一直与低水平的身体活动有关。因此，食用高简单碳水化合物的儿童可能不太愿意进行身体活动。我们假设，摄入能量密集的高糖零食和饮料会严重影响情绪，导致能量水平降低和身体活动减少。相反，我们假设食用含有更多复杂碳水化合物和纤维的膳食将导致更好的情绪，更高的能量水平和更高的体力活动。在这项提案中，我们关注西班牙裔/拉丁裔女孩，因为她们患肥胖症和相关并发症的风险更高，而且这一群体的青春期体力活动下降特别严重。通过两个阶段，这项试点研究将1）仔细制定膳食（尤其是CCHO餐），拉丁女孩觉得有吸引力，2）提供一个运动实验室与久坐不动的选择和身体活动的选择，拉丁女孩觉得有吸引力，第三章开发一种高度创新的协议，用于测量自发的身体活动时，提供了同样有吸引力的选择，积极或久坐不动的行为，在实验室设置使用修改后的版本的SONOF（系统观察游戏和休闲活动的青年）和4）积累的数据对情绪和身体活动的饮食组成的急性影响，在拉丁美洲女孩，这将提供试点数据的大规模临床试验，以了解不良的营养选择对身体活动的急性影响，在西班牙裔/拉丁裔女孩在高风险的肥胖，2型糖尿病，和其他肥胖相关疾病。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Pediatric obesity has reached epidemic proportions, particularly among ethnic minorities 1, 2, placing children at high and life-long risk for a range of diseases including cardiovascular disease 3, 4 and type 2 diabetes 5. According to a recent study, Hispanic/Latina girls born in 2000 have the highest estimated lifetime risk (53%) for developing diabetes, primarily due to the epidemic in lifestyle-related pediatric obesity in this group. To prevent obesity and related disease in Latina girls, the promotion of physical activity and healthy diet throughout childhood and adolescence is thus essential. However, during puberty, physical activity levels plummet, especially in girls, and particularly in Hispanic/Latina girls. Furthermore, the typical food intake including food availability in most schools potentially contributes to obesity risk by offering an attractive array of affordable snacks and drinks that are typically high in simple carbohydrates. There is increasing evidence that diets high in simple carbohydrates may have yet another, indirect impact on pediatric obesity because these meals have an acute negative influence on mood and feelings of energy. Negative mood and low feelings of energy have been consistently related to low levels of physical activity. Therefore, children who consume meals high in simple carbohydrates may be less motivated to be physically active. We hypothesize that consumption of energy dense high sugar snacks and beverages acutely impacts mood, leading to lower energy levels and less physical activity. Conversely, we hypothesize that consumption of meals with more complex carbohydrates and fiber will lead to better mood, higher energy levels and higher physical activity. In this proposal we focus on Hispanic/Latino girls because they are at higher risk for obesity and related complications, and because the pubertal decline in physical activity is particularly severe in this group. Through 2 phases, this pilot study will 1) carefully develop meals (especially CCHO meals) that Latina girls find appealing, 2) furnish an exercise laboratory with choices of sedentary and physically active options that Latina girls find appealing, 3) develop a highly innovative protocol for measuring spontaneous physical activity when offered equally attractive choices for active or sedentary behaviors in a laboratory setting using a modified version of SOPLAY (System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth) and 4) accrue data on the acute effects of meal composition on mood and physical activity in Latina girls that will provide pilot data for a large-scale clinical trial to understand the acute affects of poor nutritional choices on physical activity in Hispanic/Latina girls at high risk for obesity, diabetes type 2, and other obesity-related diseases.