VECTOR-BORNE DISEASE CONTROL IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心机构，不一定为研究者机构。描述（由申请人提供）：病媒传播的疾病，如疟疾、登革热、西尼罗河和裂谷热是世界各地城市的主要公共卫生问题。每个城市的疾病程度在很大程度上因调节昆虫病媒种群动态的环境而异。贫穷、城市耕作、水和卫生设施的供应、人口流动增加、基础设施恶化、城市地区过度拥挤以及自然灾害，所有这些都促成了改变昆虫病媒自然生境的条件的发展。这些复杂的问题最好通过跨学科方法来解决，因为历史表明，单靠医学和昆虫学方法是不够的。将通过迈阿密大学（UM）的全球公共卫生计划建立一个跨学科研究的INTERVECTOR探索中心。UM教师和国际合作者之间将建立伙伴关系，研究生态和蚊媒疾病的控制在三个地区的7个选定的城市：东非（肯尼亚），中东（以色列，埃及）和拉丁美洲-加勒比海（特立尼达和哥斯达黎加）。有四个具体目标：1）构建研究设计，将与城市环境中病媒传播疾病的生态学和控制相关的问题解决战略的跨学科方法纳入其中，2）通过昆虫学、流行病学、环境和人口参数的跨学科评估，评估每个选定城市当前和未来的病媒传播疾病风险，3）在每个选定城市进行小规模实地研究，以获得关于影响蚊-人接触和病媒传播疾病的空间和时间风险的关键因素的进一步跨学科信息，以及4）加强能力，利用跨学科方法的力量控制城市环境中的病媒传播疾病。一项主要成果将包括在城市环境中控制病媒传播疾病的新的可测试的跨学科方法。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Vector-borne diseases, like malaria, dengue, West Nile, and Rift Valley Fever are major public health problems in cities throughout the world. The extent of disease in each city varies largely as a function of the environment that regulates the dynamics of insect vector populations. Poverty, urban farming, water and sanitation availability, increased population movement, deteriorating infrastructures, overcrowding in urban areas, and natural disasters all contribute to the development of conditions that modify the natural habitats of insect vectors. These complex problems can best be addressed through interdisciplinary approaches, as history has shown that medical and entomological approaches alone are not sufficient. An INTERVECTOR Exploratory Center for Interdisciplinary Research will be developed through the Global Public Health Program of the University of Miami (UM). Partnerships will be developed between UM faculty and international collaborators to study the ecology and control of mosquito-borne diseases at 7 selected cities in three regions: East Africa (Kenya), the Middle East (Israel, Egypt), and Latin America-Caribbean (Trinidad and Costa Rica). There are 4 specific aims: 1) construct study designs that incorporate interdisciplinary approaches for problem-solving strategies that are relevant to the ecology and control of vector-borne diseases in urban environments, 2) assess current and future risks of vector-borne diseases at each selected city through interdisciplinary assessments of entomological, epidemiological, environmental, and demographic parameters, 3) conduct small-scale field studies in each of the selected cities to obtain further interdisciplinary information on key factors affecting the spatial and temporal risks of mosquito-human contact and vector-borne diseases, and 4) strengthen capacity for harnessing the power of interdisciplinary approaches for controlling vector-borne diseases in urban environments. A major outcome will include new testable interdisciplinary approaches for controlling vector-borne diseases in urban environments.