Animal Models for the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Abuse

描述（由申请人提供）：此K 05应用程序的目标是从教学和行政职责不直接相关的研究获得释放时间的工资支持。这将使分配给研究的时间从K 05之前的40%增加到75-90。候选人的31年的药物滥用研究背景的概述，包括出版物，演示文稿，引文分析，研究资金和学生，科学宣传和教育活动的导师名单。短期和长期的研究计划，将与发布的时间进行了讨论。还讨论了计划开展的具体活动，以保持杰出的研究业绩，过去和未来的目标，继续成功的贡献的可能性，并计划获得和提供科学的负责任的行为的指示。一份进度报告描述了2002-2006年K 05奖前4年取得的成就。该研究计划包括2个由NIDA资助超过20年的持续R 01项目，一个正在审查的新R 01（PI）和一个正在审查的P20申请（Co-Pi）。第一笔赠款是一个非人类灵长类动物模型，用于研究性别、月经周期阶段和冲动性等影响药物滥用脆弱性的因素，并对药物滥用实施创新的行为和药理学治疗。总的假设是，这些脆弱性因素将预测加强疗效和治疗成功。第二笔赠款将研究对几种易受伤害行为的大鼠进行行为和药物干预。这些因素将在成瘾、获得、升级和恢复的关键过渡阶段进行比较。该假说认为，倾向（个体差异）过度行为导向新的和有益的非药物活动增加了药物滥用的脆弱性和对治疗的反应性。第三个拟议的赠款将在青春期大鼠中进行，重点是药物滥用的潜在因素。总的假设是，青春期的动物比成年人更冲动，更容易受到激素对药物寻求行为的影响。第四个提议的赠款，一个P20，将包括一个动物项目，将平行和通知两个人类项目，涉及可卡因滥用者和大学生的冲动行为不同。基本的主题是如何，冲动与药物滥用有关，磁共振成像将用于大鼠和猴子比较神经生物学和行为表型。将比较物种、性别、滥用的几种药物、给药途径和成瘾阶段。这些结果将允许识别生物，行为和环境因素，从而识别有药物滥用风险的个体，并且与这些模型一起使用的实验干预措施将为人类的预防和治疗策略提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this K05 application is to obtain salary support for release time from teaching and administrative duties not directly related to research. This would increase time allocated to research from 40% before the K05 to 75-90. An overview of the candidate's 31-year background in drug abuse research is provided including a list of publications, presentations, a citation analysis, research funding, and mentorship of students, science advocacy, and educational activities. Short-and-long-term research plans that will be implemented with released time are discussed. Specific activities planned to sustain outstanding research performance, blending of past and future goals, the likelihood of continuing successful contributions, and plans to obtain and provide instruction on the responsible conduct of science are also discussed. A progress report describes accomplishments made in the first 4 years of this K05 award 2002-2006. The research plan consists of 2 continuing R01 projects that have been funded by NIDA for over 20 years, a new R01 (PI) that is under review, and a P20 application (Co-Pi) that is under review. The first grant is a nonhuman primate model to study sex, phase of menstrual cycle, and impulsivity as factors that affect the Vulnerability to drug abuse and to implement innovative behavioral and pharmacological treatments for drug abuse. The overall hypothesis is that these vulnerability factors will predict reinforcing efficacy and treatment success. The second grant will examine behavioral and pharmacological interventions in rats selected for several vulnerable behaviors. These factors will be compared during critical transition phases of addiction, acquisition, escalation, and reinstatement. The hypothesis is that a predisposition (individual differences) for excessive behavior directed toward novel and rewarding nondrug activities increases vulnerability to drug abuse and responsiveness to treatment. The third proposed grant, to be conducted in adolescent rats, is focused on factors underlying drug abuse. The overall hypothesis is that adolescent animals are more impulsive and susceptible to hormonal influences on drug seeking behavior than adults. The fourth proposed grant, a P20, would consist of an animal project that will parallel and inform two human projects involving cocaine abusers and college students varying in impulsive behavior. The basic theme is how, impulsivity is related to drug abuse, and MR imaging will be used in rats and monkeys to compare neurobiological and behavioral phenotypes. Species, gender, several drugs of abuse, routes of administration, and phases of addiction will be compared. The results will allow for identification of biological, behavioral, and environmental factors leading to recognition of individuals at risk for drug abuse, and the experimental interventions used with these models will inform prevention and treatment strategies for humans.