Television Viewing and Risk of Injury & Chronic Disease Morbidity

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的几十年里，电视观看（TV）在美国急剧增加。新的数据表明，大量的电视暴露可能在肥胖、心血管疾病、2型糖尿病和损伤中发挥作用——这是美国发病率和死亡率的几个主要原因。电视节目和广告中包含的无数图像和信息可能会促进增加慢性病风险的行为，包括久坐不动的生活方式、不良的营养选择、吸烟和过度饮酒。电视上的图像和信息可能会促进攻击性和冒险行为，从而导致有意或无意的伤害。有趣的是，许多研究表明，攻击性或敌意可能会加剧心血管疾病的风险因素，这增加了看电视可能是将社会心理结果与慢性疾病联系起来的一个常见上游因素的可能性。我们认为，敌意和攻击性的人格特征可能是这些途径的重要影响修饰因子，这是一个新的尚未验证的假设。为了检验这一理论框架的假设，我们已经确定了一个丰富的纵向数据集，其中包括对暴露（TV）、结果以及各种人口统计学、生活方式和社会心理因素的多重评估，这些因素将作为混杂因素或中介因素进行检查。青年人冠状动脉风险发展（CARDIA）研究是一项20年的多中心前瞻性研究，研究美国四个大都市地区的非裔美国人和白种人年轻人（1985/6年基线年龄为18 - 30岁）心血管疾病风险演变。我们建议使用该数据集来评估这种单一的常见环境暴露-电视-是否会通过各种看似合理且相互关联的机制增加有意和无意伤害和慢性疾病的风险。我们建议将电视作为慢性病和敌意之间的一种可能联系进行评估。我们认为这些二次分析是描述电视暴露、慢性疾病及其风险因素、损伤及其风险因素之间关系的第一步。通过拟议的工作了解这些相互关系将有助于深入了解导致慢性疾病和损伤的可能机制。然后，这项工作的数据将用于支持关于电视在社会心理和慢性疾病风险病因学中的作用的更大规模的观察性和实验性研究。公共卫生相关性：接触电视节目和广告中的图像和信息可能会促进增加慢性病风险的行为，包括久坐不动的生活方式、不良的营养选择、吸烟和过度饮酒，以及攻击性行为和伤害的风险。通过拟议的工作了解这些相互关系将有助于深入了解导致慢性疾病和损伤的可能机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the past several decades television viewing (TV) has increased dramatically in the U.S. Emerging data suggest that high amounts of exposure to TV may play a role in obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and injury - several of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Myriad images and messages included in TV programming and commercials may promote behaviors that increase risk of chronic disease, including sedentary lifestyle, poor nutritional choices, cigarette smoking, and excessive alcohol intake. Images and messages on TV may promote aggressive and risk taking behavior that may lead to intentional and unintentional injury. Interestingly, numerous studies have suggested that aggression or hostility may exacerbate risk factors for cardiovascular disease, raising the possibility that TV viewing may be one common upstream factor linking psychosocial outcomes with chronic diseases. We argue that the personality traits of hostility and aggression may be important effect modifiers for these pathways, a novel and yet untested hypothesis. In order to test hypotheses from this theoretical framework, we have identified a rich longitudinal dataset with multiple assessments of the exposure (TV), outcomes, and the various demographic, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors that would be examined as confounders or mediators. The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study is a 20-year multi-center prospective study of cardiovascular disease risk evolution in African American and Caucasian young adults (18 - 30 years of age at baseline in 1985/6) in four U.S. metropolitan regions. We propose to use this dataset to evaluate whether this single common environmental exposure - TV - may increase the risk for intentional and unintentional injuries and chronic diseases through a variety of plausible and interrelated mechanisms. We propose to evaluate TV as one possible link between chronic diseases and hostility. We see these secondary analyses as a first step in describing the relationship between TV exposure, chronic disease and its risk factors, and injury and its risk factors. An understanding of these interrelationships through the proposed work would provide insight into possible mechanisms leading to chronic disease and injury. Data from this work would then be used to support larger observational and experimental studies on the role of TV in the etiology of psychosocial and chronic disease risks. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Exposure to images and messages included in television programming and commercials may promote behaviors that increase risk of chronic disease, including sedentary lifestyle, poor nutritional choices, cigarette smoking, and excessive alcohol intake, as well risk of aggressive behavior and injury. An understanding of these interrelationships through the proposed work would provide insight into possible mechanisms leading to chronic disease and injury.