Synthesizing and Interpreting the Evidence on Early Interventions

描述(申请人提供)：综合和解释有关早期干预的证据本研究申请有三个具体的、相互关联的目标：(1)系统地比较主要的实验性早期儿童干预计划(Perry、初学者、芝加哥亲子中心、护士家庭伙伴关系和婴儿健康与发展计划)和主要的非实验性家庭影响研究(NLSY79/97、CNLSY79、PSID、NSFH、HSB、AddHealth、NELS88、ECLS-K、NCDS58和BCS70)；(2)开发和实施小样本测试，以充分利用数据的纵向方面，以及使用结果测量向量来识别与无治疗效果相关的多个假设；(3)开发和应用认知和非认知技能发展的动态模型来解释来自实验和非实验研究的证据，这将允许在共同框架内进行综合。拟议研究的长期目标是在经济学家对人类发展的研究的基础上，将这一研究与心理学领域中关于儿童发展的研究相结合。这转化为建立考虑认知和社会情感技能的技能形成的经济模型，以及识别生命周期动态阶段的模型。另一个重要的长期目标是制定一个框架，使政策分析人员能够将不同的干预措施放在共同的基础上，比较它们的相对有效性，并估计早期劣势的后期补救成本。这项拟议的研究遵循了NIH寻求行为基础知识的使命，但更重要的是，它增加了对这些知识的应用，以了解针对吸烟孕妇或低出生体重婴儿等人群的有效干预的关键组成部分。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Synthesizing and interpreting the evidence on early interventions This research application has three specific, interrelated aims: (1) to systematically compare the major experimental early childhood intervention programs (Perry, Abecedarian, Chicago Parent-Child Centers, Nurse Family Partnership and Infant Health and Development Program) and the major nonexperimental family influence studies (NLSY79/97, CNLSY79, PSID, NSFH, HSB, AddHealth, NELS88, ECLS-K, NCDS58.and BCS70); (2) develop and implement small-sample testing to make full use of the longitudinal aspect of the data, as well as using vectors of outcome measures to recognize the multiple hypotheses associated with the null of no treatment effects; (3) develop and apply dynamic models of cognitive and noncognitive skill development to interpret the evidence from the experimental and nonexperimental studies, which will allow for synthesis within a common framework. The long-term objective of the proposed research is to build upon the economist's study of human development by extending and uniting the research with the study of child development in the field of psychology. This translates into building economic models of skill formation that take into account cognitive and socioemotional skills, as well as models that recognize dynamic stages of the lifecycle. Another important long-term objective is to produce a framework that will allow policy analysts to place diverse interventions on a common footing, to compare their relative effectiveness, and to estimate the cost of later remediation for early disadvantage. The proposed research adheres to NIH's mission to seek fundamental knowledge about behavior, but more importantly it adds to the application of that knowledge in understanding the critical components of an effective intervention targeting populations such as pregnant mothers who smoke or low-birthweight infants.