Senior Visiting Fellowship: Photonic Crystal Research

光子晶体是具有光的波长量级的晶格常数的周期性结构。周期性导致光子的带和带隙的形成，并应用于控制光的传播和切换。在具有故意引入的缺陷的结构中，能够将光限制在小体积中，也导致光子与材料激发之间的相互作用的控制。该提案要求提供资金，以支持一名光子结构领域的世界专家访问谢菲尔德，与谢菲尔德的光子学小组进行为期三个月的访问研究。预计所要求的访问将使小体积光子结构的激发技术取得进展，并对小体积光发射器的发射机制的物理学有新的认识。特别是在半导体纳米结构中的单电子激发（激子）与单受限光子态之间的强耦合的证据将被寻求。一旦实现这一目标，将寻求在单激子单光子水平上的非线性行为的证据，这是极其灵敏的开关的基础，同时也是各种量子光学现象的入门级，包括少数光子激光和单光子相位门。

Photonic crystals are periodic structures with lattice constant on the order of the wavelength of light. The periodicity leads to the formation of bands and band gaps for photons, with applications in the control of the propagation and switching of light. In structures with deliberately introduced defects confinement of light in small volumes is enabled, resulting also in the control of interactions between photons and material excitations. This proposal requests funds to support a three month visiting fellowship for a world expert in the field of photonic structures to visit Sheffield to carry out collaborative research with the photonics group at Sheffield. It is expected that the requested visit will enable the achievement of advances in excitation techniques of small volume photonic structures, and new insight to be gained into the physics of emission mechanisms in small volume light emitters. In particular evidence for strong coupling between single electronic excitations (excitons) in semiconductor nanostructures with single confined photon states will be sought. Once this is achieved evidence for non-linear behaviour at the single exciton single photon level will be sought, the basis for extremely sensitive switches, and at the same time the entry level for a variety of quantum optical phenomena including few photon lasing, and single photon phase gates.