Quantum Technology Capital: Epitaxy Cluster Tool to Enable Next-Generation Quantum Dots for Quantum Technology Applications

量子技术资本：外延集群工具为量子技术应用提供下一代量子点

• 批准号: EP/N01488X/1
• 负责人: Maurice Skolnick
• 金额: $ 279.16万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FN01488X%2F1
• 关键词: Quantum; Technology; Capital; Epitaxy; Cluster

This is a proposal for advanced crystal growth equipment to enable the UK to take a lead in important areas of Quantum Technologies. It will enable the growth of nanometre-scale semiconductor quantum dots with world-leading properties. These properties include emission limited only by fundamental properties of the dots unaffected by the surrounding environment, and ordered arrays of dots, critical to enable scale-up and to translate the much excellent science of quantum dots to highly competitive Quantum Technologies. The Quantum Technology applications rely on purely quantum mechanical principles such as superposition, where a system can be in two states at the same time, and entanglement where an operation at one spatial location influences another remotely, without there being any direct connection between them. Quantum dots are extremely well suited to exploiting these quantum mechanical effects (sometimes termed 'Quantum 2'). The favourable properties of III-V semiconductor quantum dots include on-demand single and entangled photon emission, ready incorporation in cavities, very long coherence and compatibility with well-developed III-V semiconductor processing technology. III-V semiconductors are familiar in everyday life as the basis of light emitting diodes, internet data transmission, and laser disk storage to name just a few. Here we turn the favourable III-V properties to enable new applications in Quantum Technologies, including as sources for secure Quantum Cryptography, quantum relays for Quantum Communications, integrated entangled sources for Quantum Cryptography and sensing, and longer-term opportunities for memories and spin chains for Quantum Networks.The crystal growth equipment, an Epitaxy Cluster Tool, is comprised of two principal chambers, one dedicated solely to the growth of highest quality quantum dots, and the second to the advanced processing of structured templates for growth of arrays of dots with pre-determined location, enabling the realisation of very high brightness sources of single photons and of arrays essential for scale-up. The two principal chambers will be connected together by an automated loading, transfer and analysis chamber, enabling high throughput of the system, and furthermore ensuring that only highest cleanliness wafers are transferred to the ultrahigh purity chamber. The Cluster Tool constitutes an integrated suite of growth, analysis and processing features. It will provide the UK with unique experimental infrastructure to take a leading position in the translation of quantum-dot-based science into Quantum Technologies.

这是一个先进晶体生长设备的建议，使英国在量子技术的重要领域处于领先地位。它将使具有世界领先性能的纳米级半导体量子点的增长成为可能。这些特性包括仅受不受周围环境影响的点的基本特性限制的发射，以及点的有序阵列，这对于实现放大和将量子点的优秀科学转化为高度竞争的量子技术至关重要。量子技术的应用依赖于纯粹的量子力学原理，比如叠加，一个系统可以同时处于两种状态，以及纠缠，一个空间位置的操作远程影响另一个空间位置，而它们之间没有任何直接联系。量子点非常适合利用这些量子力学效应（有时称为“量子2”）。III-V型半导体量子点的优点包括：按需发射单光子和纠缠光子、可在腔内集成、超长相干性以及与发达的III-V型半导体加工技术兼容。III-V半导体在日常生活中很常见，是发光二极管、互联网数据传输和激光磁盘存储的基础，仅举几例。在这里，我们利用有利的III-V特性来实现量子技术的新应用，包括作为安全量子加密的源，量子通信的量子中继，量子加密和传感的集成纠缠源，以及量子网络的存储器和自旋链的长期机会。晶体生长设备，外延簇工具，由两个主要腔室组成，一个专门用于最高质量量子点的生长，第二个用于结构化模板的高级处理，用于预先确定位置的点阵列的生长，从而实现非常高亮度的单光子源和缩放所必需的阵列。两个主腔室将通过自动装载、转移和分析腔室连接在一起，实现系统的高通量，并进一步确保只有最高清洁度的晶圆才能转移到超高纯度腔室。集群工具构成了一套集成的增长、分析和处理功能。它将为英国提供独特的实验基础设施，在将量子点科学转化为量子技术方面处于领先地位。