Fluidic control for turbulent drag reduction

原则上，可以用传感器和致动器覆盖飞行器机翼或船舶船体，并将来自传感器的信号传递到计算机，计算机将控制致动器，使得总体燃料消耗减少。欧洲航空研究咨询理事会（ACARE）制定了到2020年减排50%的目标。这意味着在很短的时间内，紊流摩擦阻力将大大减少--飞行试验应不迟于2012年进行。关于流动控制和MEMS的IUTAM研讨会（帝国理工学院，19 - 22.09.2006）表明，虽然在该领域有稳定的进展，但如果保持目前的研究速度，到2012年将很难实现通过主动控制减少湍流阻力的飞行试验。因此，以更高的风险为代价，必须不等待进一步的进展而直接利用通过主动控制减少湍流阻力的最新知识，以便开发能够在2012年进行飞行试验的计划。本提案提出了这样一个方案。我们建议开发一种先进的流体材料，这样的壁面剪应力的变化将诱导壁吸和吹，这样它将导致减阻。

In principle, it is possible to cover an aircraft wing or ship hull with sensors and actuators and pass the signal from the sensors to a computer, which will control the actuators in such a way that overall fuel consumption is reduced. The Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe (ACARE) established a target of a 50% reduction in emissions by 2020. This implies a considerable reduction in turbulent friction drag within a very short time scale - flight tests should be conducted not later than 2012. The IUTAM Symposium on flow control and MEMS (Imperial College, 19 - 22.09.2006) showed that while there is steady progress in the area, if the current pace of research is maintained, in-flight testing of turbulent drag reduction by active control will be hard to achieve by 2012. Therefore, at the expense of a higher risk, state-of-the-art knowledge in turbulence drag reduction by active control has to be used as is without waiting for further progress, so as to develop programs which can lead to flight tests in 2012. This proposal presents such a program. We propose to develop an advanced fluidic material such that the variations of the wall shear stress will induce the wall suction and blowing such that it will lead to drag reduction.