Attention and the Perception of Surfaces

在充满物体的环境中识别物体并与之交互， 定义物体的表面是必不可少的。表面表示过程集成了局部 从早期皮质突起中提取特征信息形成表面。使这一过程变得复杂 然而，表示表面的事实是，大多数对象彼此重叠，导致被遮挡的 物体表面的部分没有被早期皮层过程编码。因此，为了准确地 表示表面时，表面表示过程使用从 环境常数，即使它依赖于非遮挡部分的早期特征。但这些 感知规则的实施，在表面表示过程的哪个阶段，以及如何自顶向下 注意力调节遮挡和被遮挡表面的表示都没有很好地理解。 鉴于这些，我们的建议解决了三个基本问题，在表示表面。这些问题是： A.非模态曲面插值中的边界轮廓和曲面性质信息 B。双目视觉中曲面形成的操作约束 C.双眼表面知觉的抑制机制和可塑性 这些问题将使用心理物理学方法对视力正常的人类观察者进行调查， 以及那些具有明显的感官眼优势的人。后一组的观察者倾向于压制这种形象 当两只眼睛看到不同的图像时，由非优势眼看到的;几乎类似于 斜视性弱视患者的极端情况。在本提案中，我们将测试和评估一种新的 知觉学习范式，旨在减少感官眼优势和提高感知。 因此，我们的研究成果不仅将进一步认识知觉和注意 机制，但也有临床意义。

To recognize and interact with objects in an object-filled environment, an accurate perceptual representation of the surfaces that define the objects is essential. The surface representation process integrates local feature information from the early cortical processes to form surfaces. Complicating the process of representing surfaces, however, is the fact that most objects overlap one another, resulting in the occluded parts of the objects' surfaces not being encoded by the early cortical processes. Thus, to accurately represent surfaces, the surface representation process uses an arsenal of perceptual rules derived from environmental constants even as it relies on the early features of the non-occluded parts. But how these perceptual rules are implemented, at which stage of the surface representation process, and how top-down attention modulates the representation of both the occluding and occluded surfaces are not well understood. In light of these, our proposal addresses three fundamental issues in representing surfaces. The issues are: A. The boundary contour and surface property information in amodal surface interpolation B. The operational constraints in surface formation during binocular viewing C. Inhibitory mechanism and plasticity in binocular surface perception These issues will be investigated using psychophysical methods on human observers with normal vision, and those with significant sensory eye dominance. Observers in the latter group tend to suppress the image viewed by the non-dominant eye when the two eyes see different images; a situation almost resembling the extreme condition afflicting strabismic amblyopia patients. In this proposal, we will test and evaluate a new perceptual learning paradigm aimed at reducing sensory eye dominance and improving perception. Therefore, the outcomes of our investigations will not only further the knowledge of perceptual and attention mechanisms in perceiving surfaces, but also has a clinical significance.