Primate Veterinarian Training at the WaNPRC

摘要： 非人灵长类(NHP)对生物医学和行为研究以及它们的 在生物医学和行为研究中的重要性是有据可查的。NHP的收盘价 与人类的分子、免疫、生殖和神经学关系使 它们对于生物医学研究、测试和开发工作是必不可少的 推进人类健康倡议。国家研究资源中心(NCRR) 和其他NIH研究所和中心投入大量资源支持 国家灵长类研究中心(NPRC)和其他公共资助的NHP资源。 还为使用这些物种的基础研究和翻译研究提供了主要支持。 临床兽医必须接受额外的培训和经验 在兽医学校接受专业培训，以便提供适当和 优质的临床护理和群体管理。对使用的需求的增加 生物医学研究中的NHP，以及潜在致命疾病的出现和传播 将使用NHP模式研究的疾病，如SARS、流感和肝炎 预计将加剧受过适当教育的兽医的短缺 NHP临床护理和菌落管理。这项应用的目的是减少 通过申请资金提供资金来解决适当合格兽医的短缺问题 支持在四年期间对三名驻地兽医进行各方面培训 NHP非人类灵长类药物、手术、护理和管理以及相关 基础NHP生物学、遗传学、行为学、病理学、生产和 职业健康和安全。叙述：公共卫生的重要性 对受过实验动物医学培训的兽医的持续要求得到了证明。 在最近发表的题为《生物医学研究中兽医的国家需要和优先事项》中 国家学院出版社(2004年)(http://www.nap.edu/books/0309090830/html/index.html).如中所述 在这份文件中，美国国立卫生研究院资助的使用动物的赠款的数量比 1995年至2002年，而ACLAM认证的实验动物兽医的数量仅增加了 15%。这表明合格兽医的数量明显不足(按标准衡量 通过ACLAM认证)在生物医学研究环境中照顾实验室动物。另外， 参考文件显示，完成住院医师计划的兽医人数为 2002年比1996年下降了25%。合格兽医的短缺在研究机构中更加严重。 利用非人类灵长类动物(NHP)，因为目前许多实验动物医学培训 项目不提供护理和使用NHP和主要受过培训的兽医的经验 对于啮齿动物和国家卫生政策以外的物种可能不愿与国家卫生政策合作，因为缺乏 知识、舒适度和感知风险。另一个重要的问题是项目和方案 使用NHP经常受到机构动物保护和使用机构更严格的审查 委员会(IACUC)、外部监督和监管机构以及动物权利组织。在……里面 除了为研究中使用的动物提供充分的兽医护理的道德要求外， 对非人类灵长类动物进行更多的审查，使得拥有足够数量的高度 有资质和经验的兽医负责它们的护理和使用。预计 提供这种住院医师培训将有助于缓解足够合格和有经验的人才短缺问题。 兽医并帮助确保为基本和非卫生保健计划提供适当护理 转译生物医学研究。

Abstract: Nonhuman primates (NHP) are critical to biomedical and behavioral research and their importance in biomedical and behavioral research is well documented. NHPs' close molecular, immunological, reproductive, and neurological relationship to humans makes them essential for biomedical research, testing and development efforts necessary to advance human health initiatives. The National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) and other NIH Institutes and Centers invest substantial resources in support of the National Primate Research Centers (NPRC) and other publicly funded NHP resources. Major support is also provided for basic and translational research using these species. Clinical veterinarians must receive additional training and experience beyond the professional training received in veterinary school in order to provide appropriate and quality clinical care and colony management. The increased demand for the use of NHPs in biomedical investigations, and emergence and spread of potentially deadly diseases such as SARS, influenza, and hepatitis that will be studied using NHP modes is expected to exacerbate the shortage of veterinarians who are properly educated in NHP clinical care and colony management. The purpose of this application to reduce this shortage of appropriately qualified veterinarians by requesting funding to provide support for training of three resident veterinarians over a four year period in all aspects of NHP nonhuman primate medicine, surgery, care, and management, as well as related areas such as basic NHP biology, genetics, behavior, pathology, production, and occupational health and safety. Narrative: Public Health Importance The ongoing requirement for veterinarians who are trained in laboratory animal medicine was demonstrated in the recent publication titled National Need and Priorities for Veterinarians in Biomedical Research National Academy Press (2004) (http://www.nap.edu/books/0309090830/html/index.html). As outlined in this document, the number of NIH funded grants utilizing animals increased by approximately 32% from 1995 through 2002, while the number of ACLAM certified laboratory animal veterinarians increased by only 15%. This demonstrates an obvious shortfall in the number of veterinarians that are qualified (as measured by ACLAM certification) to care for laboratory animals in a biomedical research setting. Additionally, referenced document indicated that the number of veterinarians who completed residency programs was 25% lower in 2002 than 1996. This shortage of qualified veterinarians is exacerbated in research facilities that utilize nonhuman primates (NHP) because many of the current laboratory animal medicine training programs do not offer experience in the care and use of NHP and veterinarians that are trained primarily with rodent and species other than NHPs may be reluctant to work with NHPs because of lack of knowledge, comfort level and perceived risk. Another important concern is that projects and programs utilizing NHPs are frequently subjected to more intense scrutiny by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUC), external oversight and regulatory agencies and animal rights organizations. In addition to the ethical requirement to provide adequate veterinary care for animals used in research, the increased scrutiny afforded nonhuman primates makes it imperative to have adequate numbers of highly qualified and experienced veterinarians who are responsible for their care and use. It is anticipated that provision of this residency training will help to alleviate the shortage of adequately qualified and experienced veterinarians and help to assure that appropriate care is provided for NHPs used in both basic and translational biomedical research.