Resources and Opportunities for Neighborhood Attainment

描述(由申请人提供)：项目摘要本修订申请描述了一项研究计划，旨在探索不同社会经济和种族/民族构成的美国社区之间的移民模式和决定因素。利用收入动态小组研究近40年的个人和家庭层面的数据，以及从四次十年一次的人口普查中获得的社区层面的数据，这项拟议的研究通过严格关注社区所在大都市地区的特征的影响，超越了先前关于社区间迁移决定因素的研究。众所周知，按种族、民族和社会阶层划分的住宅隔离水平，以及维持这种高度隔离的特定种族和阶层的社区间迁移倾向，在美国大都市地区差异很大。但很少有研究试图解释为什么维持高度种族、民族或经济居住隔离的邻里迁移模式在大都市地区差异如此显著。通过汇总社区级别的特征及其与大都市级别的相互关系，并应用适用于多级别数据结构分析的统计技术，拟议的分析有望极大地增强我们对为什么不同种族、民族或社会经济构成的家庭在不同大都市地区的社区之间流动的倾向差异如此之大的理解。公共卫生相关性：众所周知，社区的社会经济和人口状况影响公共卫生的许多方面，并在一定程度上解释了健康行为和健康结果的种族和民族差异。因此，更多地了解导致不同类型社区居住的迁移行为是一个重要的科学目标。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary This revised application describes a program of research designed to explore the patterns and determinants of migration between U.S. neighborhoods of varying socioeconomic and racial/ethnic composition. Using almost forty years of individual- and family-level data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, in conjunction with neighborhood-level data drawn from four decennial censuses, the proposed study goes beyond prior research on the determinants of inter-neighborhood migration by attending rigorously to the influence of characteristics of the metropolitan areas in which neighborhoods are embedded. It is well-known that levels of residential segregation by race, ethnicity, and social class, as well as the race- and class-specific inter-neighborhood migration propensities that sustain these high levels of segregation, vary widely across U.S. metropolitan areas. But little research has attempted to explain why the inter-neighborhood migration patterns that sustain high levels of racial, ethnic, or economic residential segregation vary so markedly across metropolitan areas. By aggregating neighborhood-level characteristics and their inter-relationships to the metropolitan level, and by applying statistical techniques appropriate for the analysis of multilevel data structures, the proposed analysis holds promise for substantially enhancing our understanding of why families' propensity to move between neighborhoods of varying racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic composition varies so widely across metropolitan areas. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The socioeconomic and demographic conditions of neighborhoods are known to affect many dimensions of public health, and to partly explain racial and ethnic differences in health behaviors and health outcomes. Therefore, learning more about the migration behaviors that lead to residence in different types of neighborhoods is an important scientific objective.