MRI and Neuropsychological Findings in Schizophrenia, ADHD and Healthy Controls

描述(申请人提供)：布里根妇女医院的精神病学影像实验室(Shenton博士，主任；NIMH R01 5R01MH050740-13)与波士顿儿童医院的ICOHRTA国际精神健康与发育障碍研究培训项目(MH/DD)合作，正在为土耳其安卡拉迪斯卡皮儿童医院的Ozgur Oner博士申请国际研究合作-行为社会科学(FIRCA-BSS)[R03]。奥纳博士是一位非常成功的国际ICOHRTA研究员。这项建议的研究目标是促进美国国立卫生研究院支持的美国生物医学科学家与土耳其(符合FIRCA资格的国家)的研究人员之间的合作研究的进一步发展。科学目标包括：(1)用磁共振成像(MRI)测量成年精神分裂症患者及其高危(HR)一级亲属、ADHD患者和正常对照组的前额叶、海马-杏仁核、尾状回和颞上回的体积，并将其与ADHD患者和正常对照组进行比较；(2)研究每组神经心理执行能力和注意力特征与上述脑结构的关系。先前的研究表明，精神分裂症患者的HR亲属有预示精神分裂症出现的注意力问题，这些问题伴随着结构和功能异常的大脑以及多巴胺能系统的调节失调，这反过来可能涉及类似ADHD表型的症状的存在。ADHD患者本身存在大脑功能和结构的变异，特别是在右侧前额叶皮质和尾状核，并可能有多巴胺能传递异常，这一点在成像和遗传学研究中得到了反映。我们将研究4组：(I)DSM-IV精神分裂症患者(n=30)；(Ii)他们的非精神病一级亲属--HR合并ADHD(HR-A)(n=20)和没有HR-NA(n=20)DSM-IV ADHD的高危HR组；(Iii)DSM-IV ADHD患者(n=30)；(Iv)年龄、性别和父母教育相似的正常对照组(n=30)。Weschler成人智力量表修订版、威斯康星卡片分类测试、连线测试A和B、连续操作测试和Weschler记忆量表将用于评估执行、记忆和注意力功能。拟议的研究旨在涉及比较精神分裂症和ADHD风险研究的创新方法，以及在美国一个领先中心的指导下使用神经成像和心理学研究方法和专业知识，该中心支持并建立在土耳其已经建立的富有成效的国际研究合作。7.公共卫生相关性：拟议的AIMS将为有前途的国际研究人员提供机会，让他们在NIH支持的领先美国中心接触到神经成像方面的新视角、创新概念和技术。这项拟议的研究将调查与全球健康、精神分裂症和ADHD相关的重要科学主题，这两个问题都会给全球社会带来重大负担。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Psychiatric Imaging Laboratory at the Brigham and Women's Hospital (Dr. Shenton, Director; PI, NIMH R01 5R01MH050740-13), in collaboration with the ICOHRTA Research Training Program in International Mental Health & Developmental Disabilities (MH/DD) at the Children's Hospital Boston (Dr. Munir; PI; Fogarty D43 TW005807), is applying for an International Research Collaboration - Behavioral, Social Sciences (FIRCA-BSS) [R03] grant for Dr. Ozgur Oner of Ankara Diskapi Children's Hospital in Turkey. Dr. Oner has been a highly successful international ICOHRTA fellow. The research goal of this proposal is to facilitate the further development of collaborative research between NIH supported U.S. biomedical scientists and investigators in Turkey, a FIRCA eligible country. The scientific objectives include: (1) studies of prefrontal, hippocampus-amygdala, caudate and superior temporal gyrus volumes measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in adult subjects with schizophrenia and their "high-risk" (HR) first-degree relatives, stratified with and without ADHD, compared to subjects with ADHD, and normal controls; and (2) studies of the relation of neuropsychological executive, and attentional characteristics with the aforementioned brain structures in each group. Previous studies have shown that HR relatives of subjects with schizophrenia have attentional problems predictive of the emergence of schizophrenia, which are concomitant with structural and functional brain abnormalities and dysregulation in the dopaminergic systems, which may, in turn, involve the presence of symptoms resembling the ADHD phenotype. Subjects with ADHD themselves present with functional and structural brain variations, particularly in right prefrontal cortex and caudate, and may have dopaminergic transmission abnormalities, as reflected by imaging and genetics studies. We will study 4 groups: (i) index subjects with DSM-IV schizophrenia (n=30); (ii) their non-psychotic first-degree relatives --the high-risk HR group stratified as HR with ADHD (HR-A) (n=20) and without HR-NA (n=20) DSM-IV ADHD; (iii) subjects with DSM-IV ADHD (n=30); and (iv) normal controls of similar age, gender, and parental education (n=30). Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Trailmaking Test A and B, Continuous Performance Test, and Weschler Memory Scale will be used to evaluate executive, memory and attention functions. The proposed study aims involve innovative approaches in comparative schizophrenia and ADHD risk research, as well as use of neuroimaging and psychological research methodologies and expertise under the direction of a leading center in the US that supports and builds upon already established and productive international research collaboration in Turkey. 7. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed aims will provide access for a promising international investigator to new perspectives, innovative concepts and technologies in neuroimaging at a leading NIH supported US center. The proposed study will investigate important scientific topics relevant to global health, schizophrenia and ADHD, both of which cause significant burden on society globally.