Driving performance evaluation based on long term video monitoring of habitual dr

描述（由申请人提供）：驾驶性能评估的基础上长期视频监控的习惯性驾驶的视障人士摘要数百万视障人士不开车，因为他们无法满足正常的视力要求（如20/40的视力）。其中有许多驾驶多年的老年司机，现在由于年龄相关的视力下降而被迫停止驾驶。事实上，在美国38个州有一个法律的选择，即中度中心视力丧失（例如视力高于20/200）的人可以在佩戴安装在支架上的活检望远镜时驾驶。这一选择可能使许多视力受损的老年人能够延长其独立性和活动能力，从而改善其生活质量。多年驾驶经验的优点可能使这些老年司机成为bioptic驾驶的好候选人，因为他们只需要学习如何有效地使用bioptic望远镜来改善驾驶时的视力。然而，bioptic驾驶的安全性仍然是一个高度争议的问题，主要是因为bioptic驾驶知之甚少。关于是否以及如何在驾驶中实际使用双视望远镜，如何正确使用它们，以及它们的使用是否会导致更好或更差的驾驶性能的知识从未被科学地建立。基于我们现有的原型系统，我们将开发数字记录系统，可以安装在bioptic司机自己的车辆上，记录他们在几个月内的日常驾驶活动。司机和交通的视频、GPS坐标和车辆黑匣子数据等都将被记录下来。我们将开发计算机辅助审查技术，从大量数据中自动提取最具信息量的驾驶片段，在交互界面上重建选定的驾驶程序，然后由专业驾驶教练使用评估方法进行离线评估，该评估方法将与道路驾驶评估进行验证。将进行一系列开创性的实验：量化在习惯性驾驶中如何实际使用活检望远镜;评估12名老年活检司机和一名视力正常的对照组的驾驶表现;调查驾驶表现与某些活检使用模式之间的关系;检查老年活检司机是否比匹配的视力正常的司机更限制驾驶机动性;验证是否自我报告的bioptic驾驶（使用问卷）同意客观措施。公共卫生相关性：这项探索性研究的结果将提供前所未有的证据，以帮助驾驶教育工作者制定基于证据的指导方针和程序，培训视力受损的bioptic司机。从这项研究中获得的探索性发现对于设计进一步的科学研究以隐含地评估驾驶中的双视望远镜的价值至关重要。这项研究和进一步的研究对于为低视力康复和驾驶执照提供信息非常重要，这不仅有利于视障人士的利益，也有利于道路上数百万其他司机的安全。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Driving performance evaluation based on long term video monitoring of habitual driving by visually impaired Abstract Millions of visually impaired people do not drive because they fail to meet the normal vision requirements (e.g. 20/40 visual acuity). Among them are many older drivers who have driven for many years, and now are forced to stop driving due to age-related vision loss. Actually, there is a legal option in 38 states of the US that people with moderate central vision loss (e.g. visual acuity better than 20/200) may be permitted to drive when wearing spectacle-mounted bioptic telescopes. It is possible that this option may enable many older people with impaired vision to prolong their independence and extend mobility, and therefore improve their quality of life. The merit of years of driving experience might make these older drivers good candidates for bioptic driving, as they only need to learn how to effectively use the bioptic telescope to improve vision while driving. However, the safety of bioptic driving is still a highly controversial issue, essentially because bioptic driving is poorly understood. Knowledge about whether and how bioptic telescopes are actually used in driving, how they should be used appropriately, and whether their use results in better or worse driving performance has never been scientifically established. Based on our existing prototype system, we will develop digital recording systems that can be installed in bioptic drivers' own vehicles to record their daily driving activities over a period of months. Videos of the driver and traffic, GPS coordinates and vehicle black box data, etc. will be recorded. We will develop computer-aided reviewing techniques to automatically extract the most informative driving segments from the vast amount of data, reconstruct the selected driving procedures on an interactive interface, and then have them assessed off- line by specialized driving instructors using an evaluation method that will be validated against an on-road driving assessment. A series of ground breaking experiments will be conducted to: Quantify how bioptic telescopes are actually used in habitual driving; Assess driving performance of 12 older bioptic drivers and a normally-sighted control group; Investigate relationship between driving performance and certain bioptic use patterns; Examine whether older bioptic drivers restrict driving mobility more than matched normally-sighted drivers; Verify whether self-reports of bioptic driving (using questionnaires) agree with objective measures. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The results of this exploratory study will provide unprecedented evidence to help driving educators develop evidence-based guidelines and procedures for training visually impaired bioptic drivers. Exploratory findings obtained from this study will be critical for designing further scientific research to implicitly evaluate the value of bioptic telescopes for driving. This study and further research are important in informing low vision rehabilitation and driver licensing, which is not only for the benefits of visually impaired people, but also for the safety of millions of other drivers on the road.