FMRI OF BIAPHASIC ALCOHOL EFFECTS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 理论和经验证据表明，酒精的双相效应与酒精使用障碍的脆弱性增加有关。就酒精使用而言，双相效应是指刺激和奖励的主要效应（饮酒者在开始饮酒后不久感到更健谈和不受约束），但随后产生的效应更镇静，损害和厌恶（例如，言语不清，运动协调受限）。双相酒精效应研究的功能磁共振成像将评估这种关系，以及介导酒精反应的神经遗传机制，使用强大的大脑成像和分子遗传技术。这项研究将进一步加深我们对大脑对酒精的反应及其与遗传变异的关系的理解。一个功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）实验，使用动脉自旋标记来测量局部脑血流量和局部脑乙醇水平将测试这个模型的各个方面。 具体来说，这项研究的目标是：（1）测试纽林开发的一个模型，该模型涉及可能介导对酒精的双相反应的大脑机制。 将使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）技术[动脉自旋标记（ASL）]测量介导酒精双相效应的脑机制，该技术可评估局部脑血流量;（2）确定酒精的静脉血和脑药代动力学。这将使我们能够扩大我们对静脉血酒精浓度，区域和时间脑乙醇水平之间的关系的理解;（3）将双相区域脑血流和脑酒精水平与成瘾易感基因型联系起来。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Theory and empirical evidence have linked greater biphasic effects of alcohol to heightened vulnerability to alcohol use disorders. Biphasic effects, in terms of alcohol use, refer to the primary effects that are stimulatory and rewarding (the drinker feels more talkative and uninhibited soon after beginning to drink) but are followed by effects that are more sedating, impairing and aversive (e.g., slurred speech, limited motor coordination). The fMRI of Biphasic Alcohol Effects Study will evaluate this relationship, as well as neurogenetic mechanisms that mediate alcohol response, using powerful brain imaging and molecular-genetic techniques. This research wilsl further our understanding of brain responses to alcohol and their relationship to genetic variants that confer vulnerability. A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment using arterial spin labeling to measure regional cerebral blood flow and regional brain ethanol levels will test aspects of this model. Specifically, the goals of the study are to: (1) Test a model developed by Newlin concerning brain mechanisms that may mediate the biphasic response to alcohol. Brain mechanisms that mediate the biphasic effects of alcohol will be measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques [arterial spin labeling (ASL)] that allow assessment of regional cerebral blood flow; (2) Determine venous blood and brain pharmacokinetics of alcohol. This will allow us to expand our understanding of the relations among venous blood alcohol concentrations, regional and temporal brain ethanol levels; (3) Relate biphasic regional cerebral blood flow and brain alcohol levels to addiction vulnerability genotypes.