Testing a novel approach for synthesising the evidence of the effectiveness of conservation interventions

在确定各种干预措施的生态后果方面投入了大量的精力和金钱，这导致了大量的文献。然而，研究表明，从业者在决定实施哪种干预措施时，很少使用这一文献。此外，许多在保护实践中被接受的信念实际上是不正确的。传统上，科学成果发表在学术期刊上。然而，从业者往往很难从这些信息中提取相关信息。主要问题是，大多数从业者无法访问科学网或同等的科学搜索引擎，往往很难在不产生大量无关标题的情况下针对保护干预措施进行搜索，而且许多从业者没有接受过从学术论文中提取保护信息的培训。循证医学使医疗实践发生了革命性的变化，因为证据的收集、审查和传播现在是大多数医疗实践的基础。我们认为，保护将从类似的革命中受益，并建议以证据为基础的保护应成为一种标准方法。在这个模型中，我们设想从业者可以很容易地获得文献摘要，他们将监测证据薄弱或含糊的一些干预措施的有效性，在存在与一个问题有关的众多研究的情况下将进行审查和荟萃分析，并且将有摘要总结主要干预措施的证据。这项建议旨在提供一个开放获取的数据库，其中包括与保护鸟类干预措施的后果有关的大多数论文。综合各种干预措施的后果将是一项关键成果。要充分利用这些产出，还需要改变保护方法。所有参与鸟类保护的主要组织(国际鸟盟--一个由100多个国家全球鸟类保护组织组成的合作伙伴关系，英国鸟类学信托基金，联合自然保护委员会，自然英格兰，皇家鸟类保护学会，苏格兰自然遗产和世界自然保护监测中心)的参与，既将确保项目符合从业者的要求，也将确保项目成果在英国和国际上得到广泛应用。将通过在英国、非洲和亚洲的研讨会提供使用循证保护的培训，这项工作也将通过在英国和国际会议上的发言来促进。更长期的目标是改变全球保护做法，以便影响生物多样性的决定经常以科学文献为基础。我们的期望是，我们可以在这个项目的工作和经验的基础上，与广泛的其他组织合作，扩大它，纳入保护的所有主要方面，以便在决策中使用证据成为标准做法。这项提议将使我们在实现改革全球保护做法的目标方面向前迈出实质性的一步。

Considerable effort and money has been devoted to determining the ecological consequences of a wide range of interventions, which has resulted in an extensive literature. However, research shows that practitioners only rarely use this literature when making decisions as to which intervention to implement. Furthermore, many accepted beliefs in conservation practice are actually incorrect. Scientific results are traditionally published in academic journals. However, it is often difficult for practitioners to extract the pertinent information from these. The major problems are that most practitioners do not have access to the Web of Science or equivalent scientific search engines, it is often difficult to target the search for conservation interventions without producing vast numbers of irrelevent titles and many practitioners do not have the training to extract the conservation message from academic papers. Evidence-based medicine has revolutionised medical practice in that the collection, review, and dissemination of the evidence now underpins most medical practice. We suggest that conservation would benefit from a similar revolution and propose that evidence-based conservation should become a standard approach. In this model we envisage practitioners having easy access to summaries of the literature, that they would monitor the effectiveness of some interventions for which the evidence is weak or ambiguous, that there would be reviews and meta analyses where there are numerous studies relating to one issue, and there would be synopses summarising the evidence for the major interventions. This proposal seeks to provide an open access database of the majority of the papers relating to the consequences for birds of conservation interventions. Syntheses of the consequences of a wide range of interventions will be a key output. Full use of the output will also require a change in approaches to conservation. The involvement of all the major organisations involved in bird conservation (BirdLife International - a partnership of over 100 national global bird conservation organisations, British Trust for Ornithology, Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Natural England, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Scottish Natural Heritage and World Conservation Monitoring Centre) will both ensure that the project is as required by practitioners but will also ensure that the results will be widely used both in the UK and internationally. Training in the use of evidence-based conservation will be provided through workshops in the UK, Africa and Asia and this work will also be promoted through stands at UK and international meetings. The longer term objective is to change global conservation practice so that the decisions effecting biodiversity are routinely based upon the scientific literature. The expectation is that we can build upon the work and experience of this project to expand it to incorporate all the major aspect of conservation in collaboration with a wide range of other organisation so that the use of evidence in decision making becomes standard practice This proposal would allow us to make a substantial step forward in achieving our objective of reforming global conservation practice.