Enhancing Clergy Suicide Prevention and Referral

说明(申请人提供)：自杀是25-34岁的人的第二大死因，10-14和15-24岁的人的第三大死因，以及男性的第八大死因。宗教领袖和神职人员已在国家战略公共卫生文件中被确定为预防自杀的重要一线守门人。印第安纳州预防暴力伤害和死亡伙伴关系(IPPVID)的初步研究表明，神职人员对预防自杀的培训材料非常感兴趣。然而，到目前为止，还没有基于证据的培训材料来促进宗教领袖采取与自杀有关的减少风险和缓解行为。这个项目的目标是通过开发和验证以证据为基础和理论驱动的培训材料来满足这一需求，以提高信仰领袖的自杀意识和自杀预防技能。在这两个阶段，将使用多管齐下的方法来生成信仰领袖自杀预防课程的内容：努力(1)利用我们的研究合作伙伴(IPPVID)开发的试点课程，(2)利用针对精神健康专业人员和普通受众的新兴自杀预防培训计划，这些培训计划可以根据信仰领袖的具体实际和社会文化需求而定制，以及(3)让利益相关者和主题专家参与课程大纲、课程和学习活动的阐述和验证。教育课程和活动的设计和开发将以建构主义教学理论、综合绩效支持模式和完善的教学设计过程为指导。第一阶段将提供一个整体课程设计文件，通过对信仰领袖的需求、障碍和常见情况进行结构化的受众分析，以及对现有自杀培训课程的内容分析。对神职人员的访谈(n=20)将引出影响参与目标行为的因素，并将收集对现有课程的反应；将对已确定的信仰进行调查(n=200)，调查结果将推动媒体的激励因素和其他因素。IPPVID试点试验的内容将通过上述多管齐下的方法进一步完善。然后，第一阶段将开发原型网络互动课程和活动，主要侧重于提高认识和识别风险。将对由此产生的经验教训和活动进行小规模随机对照研究(n=60)的评估。 公共卫生相关性：自杀预防是一个至关重要的公共卫生问题。许多人把宗教领袖作为他们心理健康支持的第一个，而且往往是主要的来源。信仰领袖已被确定为解决自杀问题的重要杠杆，因为他们有能力直接和立即参与识别、短暂传播和转介处于危险境地的个人。然而，信仰领袖往往没有为这一角色做好充分准备。目前还没有针对宗教领袖特定的实际、组织和文化工作场所需求而定制的循证自杀预防教育计划。该项目将根据信仰领袖的独特需求，开发一种定制的自杀预防专业发展课程。该课程将利用现有的基于证据的自杀培训努力和最先进的教学理论和技术。它将以个性化指导的形式在网上提供，也可以通过辅导员主导的培训提供。建议的努力通过创新、易于设计和可定制的教育解决方案满足了重要的、公认的需求。因此，由此产生的产品应该受到宗教领袖及其组织以及为他们提供专业前教育和继续教育的机构的欢迎。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Suicide is the 2nd leading cause of death in persons aged 25-34, the 3rd leading cause of death among people in the age groups 10-14 and 15-24, and the 8th leading cause of male deaths. Faith leaders and clergy have been identified in national strategic public health documents as important front-line gatekeepers for suicide prevention. Preliminary research by the Indiana Partnership to Prevent Violent Injury and Death (IPPVID) has identified strong interest among clergy in training materials regarding suicide prevention. However, to date, no evidence-based training materials are available to facilitate adoption of suicide-related risk reduction and mitigation behaviors among faith leaders. The goal of this project is to fill this need by developing and validating evidence-based and theory-driven training materials to increase suicide awareness and suicide prevention skills among faith leaders. Across both phases, a multipronged approach will be used to generate the content of the faith leaders' suicide prevention curriculum: the effort will (1) capitalize on a pilot curriculum developed by our research partner (IPPVID), (2) draw upon emerging suicide prevention training programs for mental health professionals and general audiences that can be tailored to the specific practical and sociocultural needs of faith leaders, and (3) involve stakeholders and subject-matter experts in the articulation and validation of the curriculum outlines, lessons, and learning activities. Design and development of educational lessons and activities will be guided by a constructivist pedagogical theory, an integrated performance support model, and a well- established instructional design process. Phase I will deliver an overall curriculum design document by conducting structured audience analysis regarding faith leaders' needs, barriers, and common situations as well as content analysis of existing suicide training curricula. Interviews (n=20) with clergy will elicit factors affecting engagement in the target behaviors and will gather reactions to existing curricula; a survey (n=200) of identified beliefs will be conducted, and the results of the survey will drive motivational and other elements of the media. Content from IPPVID pilot trials will be further refined through the multipronged approach described above. Phase I will then develop prototype web-based interactive lessons and activities focusing primarily on awareness and risk identification. The resulting lessons and activities will be evaluated in a small scale RCT (n=60). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Suicide prevention is a vital public health concern. A large number of individuals use religious leaders as their first and often primary source of mental health support. Faith leaders have been identified as important points of leverage for addressing suicide through their ability to directly and immediately engage in identification, brief diffusion, and referral of individuals at risk. Yet faith leaders are often not adequately prepared for this role. There currently exist no evidence-based suicide prevention educational programs tailored for faith leaders' particular practical, organizational, and cultural workplace needs. This project will develop a suicide prevention professional development curriculum customized to the unique needs of faith leaders. The curriculum will draw upon existing evidence-based suicide training efforts and state-of-the-art pedagogical theory and technology. It will be deliverable as individualized instruction over the web as well as through facilitator led training. The proposed effort meets an important, recognized, need with an innovative, easily dessiminable, and customizable educational solution. As such, the resulting products should be well-received by faith leaders and their organizations as well as institutions which provide pre-professional and continuing education to them.