Prospective Study of Traumatic Stress in Police Officers

这是对RO1 MH 056350-O6？创伤后前瞻性研究的竞争性续签申请。 警察的压力？这项研究的目的是促进对风险和复原力因素的理解 治疗创伤后应激障碍。我们已经招收了400名警察学院的新人，这是根据 在训练过程中有一套全面的生物和心理社会特征。新兵被重新评估 执勤头两年与执勤有关的突发事件及日常工作环境 警察服务以外的压力源、压力源和支持，以及创伤后应激障碍症状。我们要五个人 多年的支持，以跟踪我们的队列度过警察服务的第三年到第七年，这是一个高风险的时期 累积暴露和离开警察服务。 更新的主要目的是前瞻性地确定以下预测因素是否可以解释创伤后应激障碍 在警察服务的头七年中的症状：(1)心理社会特征，包括智商、特质 分离、既往创伤、家族史、神经质、世界观和特质愤怒在学习期间被评估 训练；(2)生物标志物，包括唤醒皮质醇、听觉惊厥、内分泌和心理生理 在学院培训期间评估对严重事件模拟和行动图的反应；(3)暴露于 在警察服务期间评估危及生命的危急事件和肿瘤周围反应；(4)例行程序 工作压力、警外负性生活事件和警察服务期间评估的社会支持； 基因多态；(6)在警察服务的第3年和第5年，工作时间和轮班工作时间更长 确定这种关系是否由睡眠开始后的唤醒和睡眠持续时间来解释 以及(7)确定抑郁症状的遗传和行为预测因子。 七年的警察服务 我们完全有能力进行拟议中的研究，这将是规模最大、最全面的研究 执法中创伤后应激的风险和弹性因素的前瞻性研究。我们已经招募了 对400名学院新兵进行了全面评估。我们已经成功地管理了纽约的实验室， 旧金山。学院的新成员慷慨地同意参加密集的测试，包括关键的 事件模拟和冲击增强了惊吓测试。我们保留了近84%和82%的到期债务 分别为一年和两年的评估。我们在所有程序中丢失的数据不到3%，并且 时间点。危急事件曝露率在第一年很高，95.4%报告了危急事件， 近一半涉及个人生命威胁。迄今为止的结果有力地支持了续签的目标。在经历了一年 警察服务创伤后应激障碍症状的最强预测因子是低智商和高水平的特质分离 在学院培训期间进行评估，事件发生时较大的个人生命威胁和骨折周围分离 在服役的第一年，暴露、更大的日常工作环境压力和消极的生活事件。

This is a competitive renewal application for grant RO1 MH 056350-o6 ?Prospective Study of Posttraumatic Stress in Police Officers?. The goal of this research is to advance understanding of risk and resilience factors for posttraumatic stress disorder. We have enrolled 400 police academy recruits assessed on a comprehensive set of biological and psychosocial characteristics during training. Recruits were reassessed during the first two years of police service on duty-related critical incident and routine work environment stressors, stressors and support outside of police service, and PTSD symptoms. We are requesting five years of support to follow our cohort through years three through seven of police service, a time of high risk for cumulative exposure and for leaving police service. The primary aims for the renewal are to determine prospectively if the following predictors explain PTSD symptoms across the first seven years of police service: (1) Psychosocial characteristics including IQ, trait dissociation, prior trauma, family history, neuroticism, worldview and trait anger assessed during academy training; (2) Biomarkers including awakening cortisol, acoustic startle, endocrine and psychophysiological responses to critical incident simulation and actigraphy assessed during academy training; (3) Exposure to life threatening critical incidents and peritraumatic responses assessed during police service; (4)Routine work stress, negative life events outside police service and social support assessed during police service; (5) Genetic polymorphisms; (6) Greater work hours and shift work during years 3 and 5 of police service and determine if this relationship is explained by wake after sleep onset and sleep duration as measured by actigraphy; and (7 ) Determine genetic and behavioral predictors of depression symptoms across the first seven years of police service We are well positioned to conduct the proposed research which will be the largest and most comprehensive prospective study of risk and resilience factors for posttraumatic stress in law enforcement. We have recruited and comprehensively assessed 400 academy recruits. We have successfully managed laboratories in New York and San Francisco. The academy recruits have generously agreed to participate in intensive testing including critical incident simulation and shock enhanced startle testing. We have retained nearly 84% and 82% of those due for one year and two year assessments, respectively. We have less than 3% missing data across all procedures and time points. Rates of critical incident exposure are high in the first year with 95.4 % reporting critical incidents, nearly half involving personal life threat. Results to date strongly support the aims for the renewal. After one year of police service the strongest predictors of PTSD symptoms are lower I.Q. and higher levels of trait dissociation assessed during academy training, greater personal life threat and peritraumatic dissociation at the time of incident exposure, and greater routine work environment stress and negative life events during the first year of service.