Adolescent Precursors to Financial Stress and Alcohol Abuse in Young Adulthood

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目标是通过关注从青春期到成年早期的家庭关系，财务状况和饮酒行为之间的动态关联来研究酒精相关问题的发展过程。为了实现这一目标，我们建议使用来自国家青少年健康纵向研究（添加健康研究）的四波数据来响应PA-08-167。 在青少年时期和青年时期，酒精问题的一个重要预测因素是父母与青少年的关系受损。另一个预测因素是财务压力，这在经济衰退时期可能特别相关。然而，人们对经济压力的动态及其与青少年和青年期酒精问题的关系知之甚少。测试的家庭压力模型（FSM）的扩展，本研究探讨了潜在的长期影响的家庭经济压力和亲子关系质量在青少年对年轻的成年人的家庭关系，经济压力和酒精问题。该研究将有助于与酒精相关的问题，预防和治疗相关的基础和实践知识的几个领域，以及与减少年轻成年期间的财务压力和债务水平相关的计划和政策。具体的研究目标是：目标1（青少年和向成年的过渡）：测试家庭压力模式的扩展，根据该模式，青少年家庭经济压力预示父母与青少年关系受损，这反过来又影响青少年和成年初期的酗酒问题;（青年期）：研究青年期与父母关系、经济压力和酒精问题之间的动态关联;目标3（完整模型）：测试青少年家庭经济压力，与父母的关系，以及年轻人的经济压力和酒精问题之间的关联的详细模型。这个组合模型假定，青春期的家庭经济压力与年轻的成年人酒精问题有关，因为它对与父母的关系和经济压力有潜在的持久影响。 除了完整的模型之外，还将探索替代模型来测试影响的替代途径：特别是，青少年和年轻成人的酒精问题可能会预测与成年初期父母的关系受损以及经济压力。 一旦这些模型的适用性已经建立相对于酒精问题，我们将扩展分析非法物质的使用。由于酒精问题和问题轨迹因性别和种族/民族而异，对潜在性别和民族差异或性别和民族组合的分析将被整合到每个目标中。 公共卫生相关性：本研究探讨了青少年时期家庭经济压力和亲子关系对年轻成年人家庭关系、经济压力和酒精问题的长期影响。通过使用一项全国性的研究，跟踪参与者从青春期到青年期，我们可以跟踪酒精问题的发展模式，并确定导致这些模式的因素。这项研究提供了一个独特的机会，以扩大研究在年轻的成年人的财务压力和酒精问题，测试多个模型，以了解这些关键结构之间的影响机制和方向，并确定可能的预防和干预点。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to examine the developmental course of alcohol-related problems by focusing on the dynamic associations among family relationships, financial well-being, and drinking behavior from adolescence through young adulthood. To achieve this goal, we propose using four waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (the Add Health Study) in response to PA-08-167. An important predictor of alcohol problems in both adolescence and young adulthood is compromised parent-adolescent relationships. Another predictor is financial stress which may be particularly relevant during times of economic downturn. However, little is known about the dynamics of financial stress and its association with alcohol problems in adolescence and young adulthood. Testing an extension of The Family Stress Model (FSM), this research examines the potential long-term effects of family financial stress and parent-child relationship quality in adolescence on young adult family relationships, financial stress, and alcohol problems. The research will contribute to several areas of basic and practical knowledge relevant to alcohol- related problems, prevention and treatment, and to programs and policies related to reducing financial stress and debt levels during young adulthood. The specific research aims are: Aim 1 (Adolescence and the Transition to Adulthood): To test an extension of the Family Stress Model in which adolescent family financial stress predicts compromised parent- adolescent relationships, which in turn influence alcohol problems in adolescence and into young adulthood; Aim 2 (Young Adulthood): To examine the dynamic associations in young adulthood between relationships with parents, financial stress, and alcohol problems; and Aim 3 (The Full Model): To test an elaborated model of the associations between adolescent family financial stress, relationships with parents, and young adult financial stress and alcohol problems. This combined model posits that family financial stress in adolescence is linked to young adult alcohol problems through its potential lasting influence on relationships with parents and financial stress. In addition to the full model, alternate models will be explored to test alternative pathways of influence: in particular, adolescent and young adult alcohol problems may predict compromised relationships with parents in young adulthood as well as financial stress. Once the suitability of these models has been established relative to alcohol problems, we will extend the analyses to the use of illegal substances. Because alcohol problems and problem trajectories vary by gender and race/ethnicity, analyses of potential gender and ethnic differences, or combinations of gender and ethnicity, will be integrated within each aim. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This research examines the long-term effects of family financial stress and parent-child relationships during adolescence on young adult family relationships, financial stress, and alcohol problems. By using a national study that follows participants from adolescence through young adulthood, we can track developing patterns of alcohol problems and identify factors that contribute to these patterns. This study provides a unique opportunity to extend research in financial stress and alcohol problems in young adulthood, to test multiple models for understanding the mechanisms and directions of influence among these key constructs, and to identify possible points of prevention and intervention.