Auditory-Vocal Interaction Mechanisms

拟议研究的总体目标是揭示潜在的生理机制。 非人灵长类动物的听觉-声音相互作用。这些机制对我们的 对人类言语产生和感知机制的理解，但知之甚少 目前还没有足够的非人类灵长类动物模型可以在细胞水平上解决这些问题。在……里面 在这个应用程序中，我们将检查我们在一种声音很大的灵长类动物-普通绒猴-中的研究问题 (Callithrix Jacchus)。与其他非人类灵长类动物相比，绒猴有几个重要的优势 物种：丰富的发声曲目，圈养时的高繁殖率，以及平滑的大脑，使 进入大脑皮层的所有部分。在拟议的实验中，我们将重点研究神经基质 猕猴听觉皮质中的听觉-发声相互作用。在目标1中，我们将开发一个行为范式来 在普通的绒猴身上进行发声实验。行为能力(而不是电子能力) 长期以来，研究人员一直在寻求在猴子身上诱导发声，这仍然是研究中的一个重大障碍 非人灵长类发声控制机制的研究。我们将在目标2中研究如何在不同领域 听觉皮质参与听觉-声音的相互作用。这一目标的发现将揭示出功能性和 猴听皮层中参与听觉-发声相互作用的神经元的解剖特性，以及 为未来研究它们与参与发声的大脑结构的连接性铺平了道路。在……里面 目的3，我们将研究行为语境在听觉皮层内听觉-声音相互作用中的作用。 绒猴在不同的行为背景下会发出各种各样的声音。我们会调查的 不同类型的发声对个体听觉皮层的调制作用是否不同 神经元。这项研究的发现将为人们对言语感知机制的研究提供重要的见解。 并建立非人类灵长类动物模型，以研究与疾病和 言语和听力障碍。

The overall objective of the proposed research is to reveal physiological mechanisms underlying auditory-vocal interaction in non-human primates. Such mechanisms have fundamental importance to our understanding of human speech production and perception mechanisms but are poorly understood, and there are no adequate non-human primate models available to address these issues at the cellular level. In this application, we will examine our research questions in a highly vocal primate, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). The marmoset provides several important advantages over other non-human primate species: a rich vocal repertoire, a high reproductive rate while in captivity, and a smooth brain allowing easy access to all parts of the cerebral cortex. In the proposed experiments, we will focus on neural substrates of auditory-vocal interactions in marmoset auditory cortex. In Aim 1, we will develop a behavioral paradigm to experimentally induce vocalizations in the common marmoset. The ability to behaviorally (not electrically) elicit vocalizations in monkeys has long been sought by researchers and remains a significant obstacle in the study of vocal control mechanisms in non-human primates. We will study in Aim 2 how various areas of the auditory cortex are involved in auditory-vocal interactions. Findings from this aim will reveal functional and anatomical properties of neurons involved in auditory-vocal interactions in marmoset auditory cortex, and pave the way for future studies of their connectivity with the brain structures involved in vocal production. In Aim 3, we will study the role of behavioral context in auditory-vocal interactions within auditory cortex. Marmosets produce a wide range of vocalizations in different behavioral contexts. We will investigate whether different types of vocalizations produce different modulatory effects in individual auditory cortical neurons. Findings of this research will provide important insight into speech perception mechanisms in humans and establish a non-human primate model to investigate issues related to diseases and dysfunctions in speech and hearing.