Near-infrared spectral imaging of the breast for cancer detection and monitoring

描述(申请人提供)：该项目涉及(1)开发一种新的人体乳房光学成像仪器，以及(2)试点临床测试，以证明建议的仪器在检测乳腺癌和监测乳腺癌新辅助治疗的反应方面的有效性。该仪器具有空间采样水平(x-y扫描平面上的25点/cm2)、光谱采样水平(650-1000 nm波段上的0.5点/nm)和时间分辨率(20全光谱/S)，这些都是现有的光学乳房X光照相仪无法同时实现的。这些仪器功能将用于在空间信息(深度辨别、血红蛋白/水/脂/散射参数分布的断层重建)、定量血氧仪和时间血流动力学表征方面增强光学乳房X光照片的信息含量。计划中的临床测试将专门测试这一假设，即由乳腺组织中的血红蛋白、水、脂类和散射参数提供的固有光学对比可以检测乳腺癌，将其与良性乳腺病变区分开来，并监测新辅助乳腺癌治疗的有效性。这一应用的广泛目标是开发光学乳房X光照相作为乳腺癌检测和监测治疗效果的独立临床工具。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project involves (1) the development of a novel instrument for optical imaging of the human breast, and (2) pilot clinical tests to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed instrument in detecting breast cancer and monitoring response to neoadjuvant therapy of breast cancer. The proposed instrument features levels of spatial sampling (25 points/cm2 on the x-y scanning plane), spectral sampling (0.5 points/nm over the wavelength band 650-1000 nm), and temporal resolution (20 full spectra/s) that are not simultaneously achieved by any existing optical mammography instrument. These instrumentation capabilities will be used to enhance the information content of optical mammograms in terms of spatial information (depth discrimination, tomographic reconstruction of hemoglobin/water/lipid/scattering-parameters distributions), quantitative oximetry, and temporal hemodynamics characterization. The planned clinical tests will specifically test the hypothesis that intrinsic optical contrast provided by hemoglobin, water, lipids, and scattering parameters in breast tissue allows for the detection of breast cancer, its discrimination from benign breast lesions, and for monitoring effectiveness of neoadjuvant breast cancer therapy. The broad objective of this application is the development of optical mammography as a stand-alone clinical tool for breast cancer detection, and for monitoring effectiveness of therapy.